Imagine up to $50,000 for your goals or unexpected needs, directly in your account, without the wait.
Apply Now & Get Fast Funding!The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) is a critical federal program providing financial relief to millions of American households struggling to afford their heating and cooling bills. If you're facing high energy costs, the threat of a utility shut-off, or need help with a broken furnace, LIHEAP assistance can provide the stability you need to keep your home safe and healthy.
This resource explains exactly what the program offers, who is eligible, and the step-by-step process to apply for this vital support. It is designed to ensure you have the information to access help in your community.
Navigating assistance programs can feel overwhelming. Understanding the basics of LIHEAP is the first step toward securing help. At its core, the program is a partnership between the federal government and your local community, designed to provide flexible and essential support.
What Is the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)?
The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program, widely known as LIHEAP, is a federally funded social services program established in 1981. Its purpose is to help keep families safe and healthy by assisting with their energy costs.
The program's mission is to reduce the health and safety problems that can arise from unsafe heating and cooling situations. This includes preventing households from using dangerous methods to stay warm or suffering from heat-related illnesses in the summer. LIHEAP assists low-income households, particularly those that spend a high proportion of their income on home energy, in meeting their immediate needs.
How LIHEAP Works: Federal Funding, Local Control
To get LIHEAP assistance, it is essential to know how the program is structured. LIHEAP is overseen at the national level by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), through its Administration for Children and Families (ACF). However, the federal government does not give money directly to individuals.
Instead, LIHEAP operates on a block grant model. Congress appropriates funding for the program each year, and HHS distributes this money in large grants to all 50 states, the District of Columbia, U.S. territories, and federally recognized tribal organizations.
This structure means that while the funding is federal, the program is administered locally. Your state, territory, or tribal government receives its grant and then designs and runs its own LIHEAP program. These local entities set their own rules, including income limits and benefit amounts, while following broad federal guidelines. This local control is the most important aspect for applicants to understand: your path to receiving LIHEAP assistance will always lead to a local agency in your community.
LIHEAP offers a range of services to address both immediate crises and long-term energy challenges. Depending on your state's program and your household's needs, you may be able to access several types of assistance.
Regular Bill Payment Assistance
The most common form of LIHEAP support is regular bill payment assistance. This is typically a one-time grant provided during a program year to help a household manage its energy costs. The benefit is almost always paid directly to the utility company or fuel vendor and credited to the household's account.
LIHEAP is designed to be flexible and covers a wide array of home energy sources, including:
Crisis Intervention Assistance
For households facing an immediate energy emergency, LIHEAP offers Crisis Intervention Assistance. This component is designed for urgent situations where a household's health or safety is at risk. A "crisis" is typically defined by states as one of the following:
A critical feature of crisis assistance is its expedited timeline. Federal rules require states to provide assistance within 48 hours of a completed application. If the situation is life-threatening, help must be provided within 18 hours.
Weatherization Services
Beyond financial relief, LIHEAP also invests in long-term solutions through weatherization services. The goal of weatherization is to improve a home's energy efficiency, which reduces energy consumption and lowers future bills permanently.
States can use up to 15% of their LIHEAP grant (or up to 25% with a waiver) for weatherization activities. Common services include:
Energy-Related Home Repairs
In conjunction with other services, LIHEAP can fund minor, energy-related home repairs. The most significant of these is the repair or replacement of unsafe or non-working heating and cooling equipment, such as furnaces, boilers, and central air conditioning units. This assistance is often critical during an energy crisis, ensuring a home is safe and habitable.
Determining if you are eligible for LIHEAP is the most important step. While the final decision is made locally, understanding the national guidelines can help you know if you should apply.
Why Eligibility Rules Are Different in Every State
As a federal block grant program, LIHEAP gives states significant flexibility to design their programs. This is why the specific rules for who qualifies can vary. Your state's LIHEAP agency decides on key factors like income thresholds, asset limits, and which vulnerable populations receive priority. You must always check the specific requirements for your state.
The Core Requirement: Household Income Limits
The primary factor for LIHEAP eligibility is your household's gross income. Federal law establishes a range within which states must set their income limits. A state's maximum income limit cannot exceed the greater of these two benchmarks:
At the same time, states cannot set their income limit any lower than 110% of the FPG. "Household income" is generally the gross (before-tax) income of every person living in the home.
The table below shows examples of the maximum annual income at 150% of the 2025 Federal Poverty Guidelines. This can give you a general idea of whether you might be eligible.
| Household Size | Maximum Annual Gross Income (150% FPG) |
|---|---|
| 1 | $22,590 |
| 2 | $30,660 |
| 3 | $38,730 |
| 4 | $46,800 |
| 5 | $54,870 |
| 6 | $62,940 |
| 7 | $71,010 |
| 8 | $79,080 |
| For households with more than eight members, add $8,070 for each additional person. |
Important Note: These figures are federal examples. Your state's income limit may be higher or lower. You must contact your local LIHEAP agency for the exact guidelines in your area.
Automatic Eligibility for Some Households
To streamline the application process, you may be "categorically" or "automatically" eligible for LIHEAP if a household member receives certain other federal benefits. This means you may not have to go through a separate income verification process.
Common programs that grant automatic eligibility are:
Other Common Eligibility Factors
In addition to income, you generally must meet the following criteria:
Priority for Vulnerable Households
Federal law requires states to target assistance to households with the greatest need. Many states give priority to households that include:
It is crucial to understand that LIHEAP is not an entitlement program. It has limited funding and is generally first-come, first-served. Even if you are eligible, assistance is not guaranteed, so it is important to apply as early as possible.
Applying for LIHEAP involves working with a local agency. While exact steps can vary, the general process is consistent across the country.
Step 1: Find Your Local LIHEAP Agency
Applications are never sent to a federal office. They are always handled by local organizations like Community Action Agencies or county social service departments.
Step 2: Know When to Apply
Most states have a specific application window, often opening in October or November for heating assistance. Many states also have "priority periods," opening applications a month earlier for vulnerable households.
Step 3: Gather Your Documents
Being prepared with the right paperwork will make your application process much faster. You will almost always need:
Step 4: Complete and Submit Your Application
Local agencies offer several ways to apply. Common methods include:
Submitting your application is a major step. Understanding the final stages of the process can help you manage your expectations.
Processing Times and Notification
Once your application is submitted, the local agency will review it. For regular bill assistance, it may take 30 business days or longer to receive a decision. Crisis applications are handled much more quickly, typically within 18 to 48 hours.
You will receive an official written notification by mail stating whether you have been approved or denied. If approved, the letter will specify your benefit amount.
How LIHEAP Benefits Are Paid
If you are approved, the grant is a one-time payment for that program year. The LIHEAP agency sends the payment directly to your utility company or fuel supplier, where it is credited to your account.
You must continue to pay your utility bills while you wait for your application to be processed to avoid late fees or disconnection.
What to Do If Your Application Is Denied
If you receive a denial letter and believe the decision was incorrect, you have the right to appeal. Your denial notice should include information on how to file an appeal with the local agency that processed your application.
LIHEAP is a cornerstone of energy assistance, but it is not the only program available. Understanding how it relates to other programs can help you access a wider range of support.
LIHEAP's Partner: The Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP)
The Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP), administered by the U.S. Department of Energy, focuses on making homes more energy-efficient to provide long-term savings. If you are eligible for LIHEAP, you are often automatically considered eligible for WAP services.
Help with Phone and Internet: The Lifeline Program
LIHEAP assistance cannot be used for telephone or internet bills. For these costs, a separate federal program called Lifeline provides a monthly discount on phone or broadband service for eligible households.
Pandemic Relief: The Emergency Rental Assistance Program (ERAP)
The Emergency Rental Assistance Program (ERAP) was a temporary federal program created to prevent evictions during the COVID-19 pandemic by helping with rent and utilities. Funding for ERAP has been spent in many areas, but some local programs may still have funds available.
State and Local Utility Company Assistance
Many state governments and utility companies offer their own assistance programs, such as state-funded grants, monthly discounts, and arrearage forgiveness plans. The best way to find out about these resources is to call your utility provider directly or to dial 2-1-1, a free service that connects people with local resources.
The table below compares the primary goals of these major assistance programs.
| Program Name | Primary Goal | What It Helps Pay For | Administered By |
|---|---|---|---|
| LIHEAP | Provide immediate assistance with home energy costs. | Heating and cooling bills, energy crisis assistance, weatherization, energy-related home repairs. | U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Services (via states/tribes) |
| WAP | Reduce long-term energy costs through home improvements. | Insulation, air sealing, heating system upgrades, and other energy efficiency measures. | U.S. Dept. of Energy (via states/local agencies) |
| Lifeline | Make communication services more affordable. | A monthly discount on landline, wireless phone, or broadband internet service. | Federal Communications Commission (via service providers) |
Behind the regulations, LIHEAP provides a tangible lifeline that has a profound impact on the health, safety, and financial stability of millions of American families.
Providing Safety, Health, and Peace of Mind
For many, LIHEAP alleviates the stress of making impossible choices between paying an energy bill and buying food or medicine. Donna V., a retiree, explained how the program helped her family stay afloat.
"Without LIHEAP, we would be forced to live in a home without heat, worsening my medical condition... I now use the money I don’t have to pay to the utility company for medical co-pays, food, insurance, gas, phone, water, and taxes".
The program is especially critical for the most vulnerable. Lorraine Scott, a 67-year-old cancer survivor, described the program as "imperative for not only my well-being and my ability to stay in my house, but also for my life." Dena Adams, a disabled victim of a violent crime, said LIHEAP is a "vital resource that can prevent homelessness."
In the most urgent cases, LIHEAP can be life-saving. A field supervisor shared the story of an elderly woman whose faulty water heater was leaking dangerous levels of carbon monoxide into her home. A LIHEAP-funded assessment discovered the leak, and the program authorized its immediate replacement. A few days later, she said, "You're an angel. You saved my life and I am so thankful for programs like yours".
When seeking assistance, it is essential to use official and trustworthy sources. The following resources can provide you with the most accurate information.
National LIHEAP Resources
Find Your Local Office
Yes, renters may still be eligible for LIHEAP even if utilities are included in their rent. To qualify, a portion of your rent must be designated for heating and cooling costs. Your local LIHEAP agency can provide specific guidance on how to document these expenses during your application process.
Typically, households can receive regular LIHEAP heating or cooling assistance once per program year. However, you may be able to get help a second time through the crisis assistance component if you face an immediate shut-off or energy-related emergency. Rules vary by state and available funding.
No, under federal law, receiving a LIHEAP benefit is not counted as income when determining your eligibility for other federal assistance programs. This includes programs like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), and Medicaid, ensuring your other benefits remain protected.
Yes, LIHEAP funds can often be used for prepaid or "pay-as-you-go" utility plans. The benefit is typically applied directly to your account balance by the local agency in coordination with your utility provider. Check with your state’s LIHEAP office for details on how they handle these specific accounts.
No, LIHEAP assistance is not considered taxable income. The funds you receive for energy assistance are a non-taxable benefit provided by the federal government. You do not need to report the amount you receive from the LIHEAP program on your federal or state income tax returns.
If you miss the general application period, you may lose your chance for regular LIHEAP assistance for that season. However, many states reserve funds for emergency or crisis situations, which may have a more flexible application window. Contact your local agency immediately to inquire about any available crisis programs.
College students may be eligible for LIHEAP if they meet the income and household requirements set by their state. Eligibility often depends on whether the student is considered an independent household or part of their parents' household. You must provide proof of income and other required documentation.
Yes, LIHEAP covers a variety of primary heating sources. In addition to natural gas and electricity, the program can provide assistance for deliverable fuels like fuel oil, propane, kerosene, and even biomass such as wood or wood pellets, depending on your state’s specific plan and provisions.
Most states base your LIHEAP eligibility on your income at the time of application. While you may not be required to report an income increase after approval, you must report changes if your state requires it for ongoing benefits or recertification. Always check your local agency’s specific reporting rules.
Regular LIHEAP assistance helps with managing seasonal energy bills, while crisis assistance provides emergency aid to prevent utility disconnection or address a lack of fuel. Crisis grants are often processed faster and are intended for households facing an immediate health or safety threat due to an energy emergency.
For millions of Americans, the search for government grants for free dentures is born from a critical need to restore health, dignity, and the simple ability to eat and speak with confidence. While the idea of a single, universal government grant that one can apply for is a common misconception, numerous legitimate federal, state, and charitable programs exist to provide dentures at little to no cost. The challenge lies in navigating a complex and often confusing landscape, where commercial referral services frequently masquerade as genuine aid. The following sections provide a definitive, fact-based roadmap to the real financial assistance programs available, helping to replace confusion with a clear, actionable plan to secure the dental care you need.
A primary source of confusion in the search for dental assistance comes from organizations that use the term "grant" to describe what is essentially a partial discount on services. Understanding the distinction between genuine aid and a commercial marketing strategy is the first step toward finding legitimate help. Many prominent websites that appear in search results are not government agencies or non-profit charities but are for-profit referral services.
How Commercial Referral Services Work
These organizations operate on a specific business model. They are often funded by the dentists who participate in their network, paying for marketing and lead-generation programs. When an individual applies for a "grant" through one of these websites, their information is captured and sent to a partner dentist in their area.
The "grant" offered is typically a fixed percentage discount, such as 25% or 30%, off the dentist's standard fees. This means that for a treatment plan costing several thousand dollars, the patient is still responsible for paying the majority of the bill. The application process serves as a tool to connect a paying customer with a paying dental practice.
Red Flags of Commercial Referral Services
To protect yourself and identify these commercial services, watch for these red flags:
While these services may offer some cost reduction, they are fundamentally different from the public and charitable programs designed to provide comprehensive care based on need. The remainder of this report focuses exclusively on these legitimate pathways.
The United States government, in partnership with state and local entities, funds several large-scale programs that serve as the primary source of dental assistance for eligible individuals. The key to accessing these benefits is understanding which program you qualify for and how it operates in your specific state.
Medicaid: Your State's Primary Dental Benefits Program
Understanding Medicaid for Dental Care
Medicaid is a joint federal and state program that provides health coverage to millions of Americans, including low-income adults, children, pregnant women, elderly adults, and people with disabilities. It is the single largest source of dental coverage for low-income individuals in the country.
State-by-State Variations in Coverage
The most critical aspect of Medicaid to understand is that each state designs and administers its own program based on federal guidelines. This means that adult dental benefits, including coverage for dentures, vary dramatically from one state to another.
While the federal government requires states to provide dental benefits to children covered by Medicaid, states have flexibility with adult dental benefits. Denture coverage is an optional benefit, and state policies fall into several categories:
Eligibility and How to Apply
Eligibility for Medicaid is primarily based on your Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI) and household size. The easiest way to see if you qualify and to apply is through the official Health Insurance Marketplace at HealthCare.gov or by contacting your state's Medicaid agency directly.
Once enrolled, you must find a dentist who accepts Medicaid. Many state Medicaid websites have provider search tools, and dental benefits are often managed by a third-party administrator like DentaQuest, which offers its own provider locator.
Medicaid Adult Dental Benefits by State
The following table provides a general overview of adult Medicaid dental benefit levels by state. Because policies can change, it is essential to verify current coverage with your state's Medicaid agency.
Medicare: Understanding Coverage Limitations for Seniors
Original Medicare and Dental Limitations
For seniors aged 65 and older, Medicare is the primary federal health insurance program. However, it is crucial to understand its significant limitations regarding dental care. The most important rule is that Original Medicare (Part A and Part B) does not cover most routine dental care, including cleanings, fillings, extractions, or dentures. You will pay 100% of the cost for these services under Original Medicare.
Medicare Advantage (Part C) as an Option
The only potential source of denture coverage within the Medicare system is through Medicare Advantage (Part C) plans. These are private insurance plans sold by companies like UnitedHealthcare and Wellcare that bundle the benefits of Original Medicare and often include extra services like vision, hearing, and dental coverage.
Important Considerations for Medicare Advantage
Even with a Medicare Advantage plan, dentures are rarely free due to several important caveats:
For seniors exploring this option, the most important action is to carefully review a plan's "Evidence of Coverage" document or call the insurance provider directly. Ask specific questions about coverage for "prosthodontics," the dental specialty that includes dentures, and inquire about the exact copay, coinsurance, and annual benefit maximum.
Department of Veterans Affairs (VA): Dental Care for Our Nation's Heroes
VA Dental Benefit Eligibility
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides dental care, but benefits are not automatic for every veteran enrolled in VA health care. Eligibility is divided into classes, and only certain groups qualify for comprehensive, free dental services.
Veterans who fall into the following categories are generally eligible for any needed dental care, including dentures, at no cost:
VA Dental Insurance Program (VADIP)
For the majority of veterans who do not meet these specific criteria, the VA offers the VA Dental Insurance Program (VADIP). It is essential to understand that VADIP is not a free care program. It is an option for eligible veterans to purchase private dental insurance through providers like Delta Dental and MetLife at a reduced group rate. This can make dental care more affordable, but the veteran is responsible for paying the monthly premiums and any copays or coinsurance associated with the plan.
To determine your specific eligibility, visit the official VA health care benefits website at VA.gov or contact the VA directly.
Beyond government programs, several national non-profit organizations are dedicated to providing free dental care to underserved populations. These charities operate on different models and serve distinct needs.
Dental Lifeline Network (DLN): Comprehensive Donated Care for the Most Vulnerable
The Donated Dental Services (DDS) Program
The Dental Lifeline Network (DLN) operates the Donated Dental Services (DDS) program, which provides free, comprehensive, and often ongoing dental treatment to America's most vulnerable individuals. The program functions through a nationwide network of over 15,000 volunteer dentists and 3,400 dental laboratories who donate their time and resources.
Who Qualifies for DDS?
The DDS program is not a walk-in clinic; it is designed to provide long-term solutions for individuals with significant needs. Therefore, it has strict eligibility criteria. An applicant must lack any other means to get care and meet one of the following conditions:
The program focuses on comprehensive treatment plans designed to restore oral health and function, which frequently includes the fabrication of full or partial dentures. Cosmetic dentistry is not provided. Due to the high demand for these donated services, there can be a significant waiting list in many states. Individuals who meet the criteria can apply through their state's program page on the official Dental Lifeline Network website at dentallifeline.org.
America's Dentists Care Foundation (ADCF) & Mission of Mercy (MOM) Events
Large-Scale Free Dental Clinics
The America's Dentists Care Foundation (ADCF) is a non-profit organization that facilitates the delivery of free dental care by providing the equipment, supplies, and logistical support for large-scale, temporary dental clinics. These events are often organized by state dental associations and are widely known as Mission of Mercy (MOM) clinics.
How Mission of Mercy Events Work
The model of care is very different from the DLN. MOM clinics are typically two-day events held in large venues like convention centers, fairgrounds, or high schools. Care is delivered by hundreds of volunteer dentists, hygienists, and community members to as many people as possible.
Services provided usually include cleanings, fillings, and extractions, and some clinics may also offer simple partial dentures or transitional "flippers." Care is typically first-come, first-served, with no income or residency requirements to receive treatment.
Patients often need to arrive very early and may wait in line for several hours. These events are an excellent resource for addressing acute dental problems and obtaining basic tooth replacement. You can find a schedule of upcoming clinics across the country on the ADCF website at adcf.net/clinic-schedule.
For many individuals who may not qualify for federal or specialized non-profit programs, the most accessible and sustainable options are found within their own communities.
Community Health Centers (Federally Qualified Health Centers - FQHCs)
What are FQHCs?
Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) are community-based health centers that receive federal funding from the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) to provide primary medical and dental care in underserved areas. These centers are a cornerstone of the nation's healthcare safety net.
Affordable Care on a Sliding Scale
The most important feature of an FQHC is that they provide services on a sliding-fee scale. The cost of care is adjusted based on a patient's income and family size, ensuring that care is affordable. By law, FQHCs cannot deny service due to an individual's inability to pay.
Many FQHCs operate full-service dental clinics that provide a comprehensive range of care, including exams, cleanings, fillings, extractions, and the fabrication of full and partial dentures. To locate a center in your area, use the official Find a Health Center tool on the HRSA website at findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov.
Dental School Clinics: High-Quality, Reduced-Cost Treatment
An Educational and Affordable Option
Accredited dental schools across the country operate clinics where dental students provide care to the public as a required part of their clinical education. These clinics are an excellent source of high-quality, low-cost dental treatment, including complex procedures like dentures.
Supervised Care at a Lower Cost
Patients can be confident in the quality of care, as all work performed by students is meticulously checked and supervised by experienced, licensed dental school faculty. The reason for the significant cost savings is that patients are typically charged only for the cost of the lab work and materials used, not for the student's or supervising dentist's time.
The main trade-off is that appointments may take longer than in a private dental office due to the educational nature of the setting. To find an accredited dental school clinic in your state, you can use the search tool provided by the Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA) on the American Dental Association's website.
Navigating these various programs can feel overwhelming. This prioritized action plan provides a logical sequence to follow, starting with the options most likely to provide comprehensive, free care based on your specific situation.
Yes, many programs that offer dental assistance do not distinguish between partial or full dentures; they cover what is medically necessary. When applying for aid through programs like state-run Medicaid or veterans' benefits, your dentist's treatment plan will determine the type of prosthesis, and funding is based on eligibility, not denture type.
If you are denied, your first step is to review the denial notice for the specific reason. You have the right to appeal the decision, typically within a set timeframe. Gather any new supporting documentation, such as a letter of medical necessity from your dentist, and follow the appeals process outlined in your notice.
Yes, virtually all programs providing free or low-cost dentures for seniors, including Medicaid and services from non-profits, have income and asset limits. These thresholds vary significantly by state and program. Always check the specific financial eligibility requirements for each program you apply to, as they are a primary qualifying factor.
Yes, waiting lists are common, especially for non-profit services like the Dental Lifeline Network. High demand and a limited number of volunteer dentists mean you could wait several months to over a year for care. Government programs may also have waiting periods for enrollment or for specific high-cost procedures.
To expedite your application, gather proof of identity (photo ID), proof of address (utility bill), proof of income for all household members (pay stubs, Social Security statements), and information on any current health or dental insurance. Having these documents ready makes the application process for programs like Medicaid much smoother.
Some programs do offer assistance for denture repairs, relines, or adjustments. State Medicaid adult dental plans, if they offer denture benefits, often include repair services as they are more cost-effective than replacements. Check your state's specific Medicaid dental coverage details to see if repairs are an included benefit.
While not always mandatory for an initial application, a treatment plan and referral from a dentist are almost always required to receive the actual dentures. This is because grant and assistance programs need a professional assessment to verify your need for dentures and approve the specific, necessary dental work.
Grants or free programs for premium services like implant-supported dentures are extremely rare. Most government and non-profit aid focuses on providing functional, basic dentures. While some private or cosmetic "grants" may offer discounts, they are not free and typically do not come from government sources for this purpose.
Being unemployed may make you more likely to qualify for income-based programs like Medicaid, which is a primary source of dental assistance. When applying, you will need to provide proof of your current lack of income and may be asked about unemployment benefits, which are typically counted toward income eligibility limits.
If you require immediate care, consider contacting a local dental school or a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC). While not always free, their services are offered at a significantly reduced cost on a sliding scale. This can be a much faster and more affordable alternative to waiting for other programs.
The direct answer is no, Grubhub does not accept Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) cards as a form of payment for any orders on its platform . While there is conflicting information online, Grubhub's official policy and the governing federal regulations for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) are clear.
The platform's accepted payment methods include credit cards, debit cards, PayPal, Apple Pay, Android Pay, Grubhub eGift cards, and cash for select orders . The absence of EBT from this list is definitive. A thorough review of Grubhub's help center and payment resources reveals no mention of SNAP or EBT, further cementing this fact . Understanding why this is the case requires a look at both federal food assistance rules and Grubhub's specific business model.
The inability to use EBT on Grubhub is not an arbitrary company decision but a direct consequence of federal law. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), which oversees SNAP, has strict rules about what can and cannot be purchased with EBT benefits.
The "Hot Food" Restriction
The most critical regulation is the prohibition on buying "hot, prepared food". SNAP benefits are intended for purchasing staple grocery items that require preparation at home, such as:
Hot foods, such as a rotisserie chicken from a grocery store or a pizza from a restaurant, are explicitly ineligible for purchase with standard SNAP benefits.
Ineligible Fees and Non-Food Items
Furthermore, SNAP funds cannot be used to pay for any non-food charges. This includes delivery fees, service fees, or driver tips, which are integral parts of the food delivery ecosystem.
Grubhub's Business Model vs. Competitors
This "hot food" rule creates a fundamental incompatibility with Grubhub's core business model, which is primarily a marketplace for restaurant meal delivery. Since the vast majority of its offerings are hot, prepared meals, they do not qualify for purchase with SNAP.
This contrasts sharply with competitors like DoorDash and Uber Eats. While they also deliver restaurant food, they have made significant strategic investments in building out grocery, convenience, and drugstore delivery partnerships. By partnering with thousands of stores like ALDI, Safeway, and Walgreens, they have created a large inventory of SNAP-eligible grocery items, which enabled them to integrate EBT payments.
A common point of confusion is the existence of the SNAP Restaurant Meals Program (RMP). This is a state-run, optional program that serves as a specific exception to the "no hot food" rule, but its scope is very limited.
What is the RMP?
The RMP allows certain vulnerable SNAP recipients—those who may be unable to prepare food at home—to purchase prepared meals at authorized restaurants.
Who is Eligible for the RMP?
It is a state-run program, and not all states participate. For those in a participating state, all members of a household must meet at least one of the following criteria to qualify.
Why RMP Doesn't Work for Delivery Apps
It is crucial to understand that the RMP does not bridge the gap to food delivery apps. The program is designed for in-person transactions at the physical restaurant. The technology and policy frameworks for the state-run RMP are entirely separate from the federal online purchasing pilot that allows for EBT use for groceries on platforms like DoorDash and Uber Eats. There is currently no system in place that allows a delivery app to verify RMP eligibility and process such a transaction.
For those who need to use their EBT card for food delivery, several excellent alternatives to Grubhub exist, focused on grocery and convenience items.
DoorDash: EBT for Groceries & Convenience
DoorDash launched its EBT payment program in 2023 and has since built an extensive network of participating stores. Partners include major grocery chains like ALDI, Safeway, Albertsons, and Meijer, as well as convenience and drugstores like 7-Eleven and Walgreens.
To use EBT on DoorDash:
DoorDash also offers a discounted DashPass membership for EBT users, providing benefits like $0 delivery fees on eligible orders for a reduced monthly rate.
Uber Eats: A Competitive EBT Grocery Option
Uber Eats has also entered the EBT market, allowing users to purchase SNAP-eligible groceries from partners like Albertsons, Safeway, and Vons.
To use EBT on Uber Eats:
New users who add an EBT card are often eligible for a free multi-month trial of the Uber One membership, which includes $0 delivery fees on qualifying orders.
Other Services and Key Exclusions
For users deciding between the two primary EBT-enabled delivery platforms, this comparison highlights the key features of each program.
| Feature | DoorDash | Uber Eats |
|---|---|---|
| Eligible Items | Groceries, convenience items, and other SNAP-eligible products. | Groceries and other SNAP-eligible products. |
| Store Variety | Extensive network including major grocery chains, convenience stores (7-Eleven), and drugstores (Walgreens). | Growing network of major grocery chains like Albertsons and Safeway. |
| How to Add Card | In the app: Account > Payment > Program Cards | In the app: Account > Wallet > + Add payment method. |
| EBT User Promotion | Discounted DashPass membership plan ($4.99/month for one year) for $0 delivery fees on eligible orders. | Free 3-month trial of Uber One for new members for $0 delivery fees on eligible orders. |
| In-App Identification | Stores and items are clearly marked with a "SNAP" label/filter. | Stores and items are clearly marked with a "SNAP" tag. |
| Handling of Fees | Fees, tips, and non-eligible items require a separate credit/debit card. | Fees, tips, and non-eligible items require a separate credit/debit card. |
| Official Link | https://www.doordash.com/p/snap-ebt | https://about.ubereats.com/us/en/how-it-works/snap-ebt/ |
For the specific group of individuals who may be eligible for the Restaurant Meals Program (elderly, disabled, or homeless), finding participating restaurants requires checking official state resources. The table below provides direct links to the RMP information pages for each participating state.
| State | Official Program Information Link |
|---|---|
| Arizona | (https://des.az.gov/services/basic-needs/food/nutrition-assistance/restaurant-meals-program) |
| California | (https://www.cdss.ca.gov/rmp) |
| Illinois | (https://www.dhs.state.il.us/page.aspx?item=134997) |
| Maryland | (https://dhs.maryland.gov/restaurant-meals-program/) |
| Massachusetts | (https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-snap-restaurant-meals-program-rmp) |
| Michigan | (https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/assistance-programs/food/restaurant-meal-program) |
| New York | (https://otda.ny.gov/programs/rmp/) |
| Rhode Island | (https://dhs.ri.gov/programs/snap/restaurant-meals-program) |
| Virginia | (https://www.dss.virginia.gov/benefit/snap.cgi#rmp) |
Navigating food assistance benefits in the digital age requires clear and accurate information. The essential takeaways are straightforward:
While Grubhub is not an option for EBT users, the expansion of online EBT acceptance for groceries on other major platforms marks a significant and positive development, increasing food access and convenience for millions of Americans.
No, Grubhub does not accept any form of EBT, including EBT Cash. While EBT Cash has fewer restrictions than SNAP benefits and can be used for various purchases, it can only be used with authorized retailers. Grubhub's platform is not set up to process these payments.
You cannot use an EBT card for pickup orders placed through the Grubhub app. All payments, whether for delivery or pickup, are processed through Grubhub’s online system, which does not support EBT. The payment must be made with an approved method like a credit card, PayPal, or gift card.
While Grubhub has expanded into grocery delivery, it does not currently accept SNAP EBT payments for these orders. Competitors like Instacart, DoorDash, and Uber Eats are approved for the USDA's online purchasing pilot and are the primary options for using EBT for grocery delivery from participating stores.
No, you cannot purchase Grubhub gift cards using your EBT card. According to USDA guidelines, SNAP benefits are intended for eligible food items and cannot be used to buy non-tangible assets like store-specific gift cards. This rule applies at all retailers that sell them.
Currently, there have been no official announcements from Grubhub about plans to integrate EBT payments. While competitors continue to expand their EBT grocery programs, Grubhub's focus has been on other partnerships. Any future changes would require USDA approval and significant system updates.
The main reason Grubhub doesn't take EBT is that federal SNAP regulations prohibit the use of benefits for hot, prepared restaurant meals. Grubhub's core business model is delivering these non-eligible items, and its payment system is not designed to separate items for EBT processing.
The two services operate under different models. Amazon Fresh is a USDA-approved online grocery retailer that can accept SNAP EBT directly for eligible grocery items. Grubhub is a restaurant marketplace that is not part of the USDA's pilot program, so it cannot process EBT payments.
Splitting a payment with an EBT card on Grubhub is not possible. Because Grubhub does not accept EBT as a valid payment method to begin with, there is no option to use it for a partial payment in combination with another method like a credit card or PayPal.
Yes, your EBT card could be declined on apps like DoorDash or Uber Eats if you have insufficient funds in your SNAP account. Additionally, if your entire order consists of non-eligible items like hot foods, alcohol, or non-food goods, the transaction will be denied at checkout.
On platforms that do accept EBT for groceries, you still cannot use SNAP funds to purchase non-food items. This includes cleaning supplies, paper products, pet food, vitamins, and personal hygiene products like soap or toothpaste. These items will require a separate payment method.
Accessing a Catholic Charities food pantry schedule is the first step for many individuals and families seeking food assistance. Because Catholic Charities operates as a nationwide network of local agencies, there is no single, national schedule; instead, hours and services are tailored to the communities they serve. This localized approach ensures that the support offered is relevant and responsive to neighborhood needs.
The most effective way to find accurate, local information is by using the official Catholic Charities USA (CCUSA) agency locator tool. CCUSA is the national office that supports a network of 168 independent member agencies across the United States and its territories. Each of these local diocesan agencies manages its own programs, including the specific schedules for its food pantries.
The Primary Tool: The Catholic Charities USA Agency Finder
The central resource for locating the correct local organization is the "Find a Local Agency" tool on the CCUSA website. This is the most reliable starting point for anyone in the United States seeking assistance.
How to Use the Agency Finder
The process is straightforward:
Understanding Schedule Variations
The schedule for a Catholic Charities food pantry can vary significantly from one location to another. This diversity reflects the decentralized structure of the organization, which allows each agency to adapt to its community's unique resources, volunteer availability, and needs.
For instance, some pantries offer extensive hours. The location in Tulsa, Oklahoma, is open Monday through Friday from 9 am to 2 pm, with additional evening hours on Tuesdays and morning hours on the last Saturday of the month. In contrast, other pantries may have more limited availability, such as the pantry in Fort Myers, Florida, which distributes food only on Thursdays from 9 am to 1 pm.
Distribution might also be tied to specific days of the month. The pantry in Silver Spring, Maryland, distributes groceries on the second and fourth Tuesday of each month. It is also critical for visitors to check the local agency's website for any special announcements, as many locations close for holidays or periodic inventory checks. Distribution methods also differ; some locations, like the High Street Pantry in Elmira, New York, operate as a drive-through service, which impacts how visitors receive assistance.
For those visiting a food pantry for the first time, knowing what to expect can help ease any anxiety. Catholic Charities food pantries are designed to be welcoming, respectful, and judgment-free spaces where staff and volunteers are focused on providing support.
The Arrival and Registration Process
A first-time visit usually involves a brief registration or intake process. This is a confidential step used to understand the needs of the household and for the pantry's record-keeping, which is often required for funding and reporting. Individuals may be asked for basic information, such as the number of people living in their household.
While some pantries can be busy, it is helpful to arrive early if possible. However, images of very long lines often seen in the media may not reflect the experience at every local pantry, many of which have shorter, more manageable wait times. Calling ahead to ask about less crowded periods is a good strategy.
Receiving Food: Different Pantry Models
The method of food distribution varies by location, often influenced by factors like facility size and safety protocols.
For any visit, it is practical to bring sturdy bags, boxes, or a small cart to carry groceries home, as items like canned goods and produce can be heavy.
The most important principle guiding Catholic Charities food assistance is that anyone in need of food should seek help. Services are provided to all people, regardless of their religion, race, nationality, or background. The primary eligibility requirement is a self-declared need for food.
However, rules regarding documentation can vary significantly between locations, largely due to different local policies and the requirements of specific funding sources, such as federal programs. For example, some pantries state that no proof of any kind is required , while others may need to verify information for their records or for participation in government programs.
This variation can be confusing. The best course of action is to call the local pantry beforehand to confirm its specific requirements. Staff are there to help and can clarify what is needed. Importantly, many pantries will still provide food on a first visit even if a person is missing some documentation, asking them to bring it on a subsequent visit.
Common Documentation for a First Visit
The following table outlines documents that may be requested during the initial registration process. This is for a first visit; return visits are typically much quicker.
| Document Type | Examples of What to Bring | Why It Might Be Asked For |
|---|---|---|
| Photo Identification (for adults) | Driver's License, State ID Card, Passport, ID from home country | To verify identity for registration in the pantry's system. |
| Proof of Address | A recent utility bill, lease agreement, or other piece of mail with a name and address (often dated within 30 days) | To confirm residence within the pantry's designated service area. |
| Identification for Others in Household | Birth certificates, school IDs, or medical insurance cards for children and other household members | To accurately determine the amount of food the family should receive and to provide age-specific items like diapers or baby formula when available. |
| Proof of Income (Less Common) | Pay stub, benefit card (e.g., SNAP, TANF) | May be required for certain federal programs like TEFAP. Often, this is a simple self-declaration or a "yes/no" question about falling below an income threshold, not a request for detailed paperwork. |
Picking Up for Someone Else
It is often possible to pick up groceries for a neighbor or family member who is homebound or lacks transportation. This typically requires a signed note or a specific proxy form from the person needing assistance, along with their basic information for registration.
A key innovation in food assistance, embraced by many Catholic Charities pantries, is the "client-choice" model. This approach transforms the food pantry experience by setting it up like a small grocery store, allowing individuals to select the food items that best fit their family's needs and preferences. Examples include "The Market at Catholic Charities" in Tulsa and the "grocery model" pantry in Jefferson City.
This model is a direct application of the Catholic social teaching principle of human dignity. It is a systemic shift away from simply distributing calories and toward a more holistic and respectful way of supporting families. It recognizes individuals as people with unique preferences, cultural backgrounds, and dietary needs.
Benefits for Individuals and Families
To ensure equitable distribution, client-choice pantries may use a point system or place limits on certain high-demand categories, such as allowing a specific number of meat or protein items per family.
For many individuals and families, the food pantry serves as the front door to a much wider network of support services. Catholic Charities operates with a philosophy of "integral human development," aiming to address the whole person and the root causes of poverty, not just the immediate symptom of hunger. Food assistance programs are often the first point of contact, where staff and volunteers can assess other needs and connect people to additional help.
An individual who comes for food assistance should not hesitate to ask what other support is available. The organization offers a comprehensive range of services designed to help people achieve stability and self-sufficiency.
A Spectrum of Support
While services vary by location, the following are commonly offered by Catholic Charities agencies across the country:
To maximize their impact, Catholic Charities agencies frequently partner with federal nutrition programs. This collaboration allows them to provide a greater quantity and variety of food to more people in need.
TEFAP (The Emergency Food Assistance Program)
TEFAP is a federal program administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Through TEFAP, the USDA provides nutritious, high-quality foods to states. The states then distribute these foods to local organizations, like Catholic Charities, which in turn provide them to the public through their pantries. Because TEFAP has federal income eligibility guidelines, this is often why a pantry will ask about a household's income level to determine if they qualify for these specific supplemental foods.
SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program)
SNAP, formerly known as the food stamp program, provides eligible individuals and families with a benefits card that works like a debit card to purchase groceries at stores and farmers' markets. Recognizing that SNAP is a critical tool for long-term food security, many Catholic Charities locations provide free assistance to help families determine if they are eligible and guide them through the application process.
Recent and proposed changes to federal funding for these programs can have a direct impact on local communities. Reductions in SNAP benefits or stricter eligibility requirements often lead to an increased number of people turning to food pantries for help, placing additional strain on their already limited resources.
The entire Catholic Charities food assistance network functions as an ecosystem that relies on the combined strength of institutional support, dedicated volunteers, and generous community donations. When one of these areas is strained, the entire system feels the effect. There are several ways for community members to provide vital support.
The Role of Volunteers
Volunteers are the lifeblood of food pantries and are essential to their daily operations. They perform a wide variety of tasks, including:
Donating Food: What Pantries Need Most
Food donations are always welcome, provided they are non-perishable, unexpired, and in undamaged packaging. While all such donations are appreciated, some items are consistently in high demand:
Other items that are extremely useful but less frequently donated include cooking oils, spices, and personal hygiene products like soap, toothbrushes, and diapers.
Financial Donations
Monetary contributions are one of the most effective ways to help. Financial donations give pantries the flexibility to purchase food in bulk at significant discounts, ensuring they can acquire exactly what is needed most. These funds are also used to obtain perishable items like fresh produce, dairy, and meat, which are crucial for a balanced diet but are difficult to manage through traditional food drives. Donations can be made through the national Catholic Charities USA website.
Yes, some locations offer services outside of typical weekday business hours. To accommodate working individuals and families, various branches provide a weekend or evening Catholic Charities food pantry schedule. However, this varies significantly, so always check the specific hours of your local agency online or by phone.
Holiday schedules almost always differ from the regular operating hours. Most pantries close on major holidays like Christmas, Easter, and Thanksgiving, and may have reduced hours in the surrounding days. It is essential to contact your local Catholic Charities pantry directly for their specific holiday food distribution schedule.
While not guaranteed, many pantries try to accommodate dietary restrictions. Locations with a "client-choice" model, where you can select your own items, offer the best chance of finding suitable food. For specific needs like low-sodium or gluten-free items, it's best to call ahead to see what is available.
If you have an urgent need for food outside of the standard Catholic Charities food pantry schedule, call your local agency or the 2-1-1 social services hotline. They can direct you to emergency food services, mobile pantry stops, or other partner organizations that may be able to provide immediate help.
Most pantries allow for a "proxy" to pick up food on your behalf, which is helpful if you are homebound or ill. Typically, you must first register yourself with the pantry and then provide the designated person with a signed note authorizing them to collect your items.
Pantries usually offer a mix of non-perishable goods (canned vegetables, pasta, rice, cereal) and fresh items when available (bread, produce, dairy, meat). The selection depends entirely on donations and supply from partners like local food banks. Many strive to provide a nutritionally balanced selection of groceries.
Each agency sets its own policy regarding visit frequency to ensure they can serve everyone in need. Most pantries allow households to receive a multi-day supply of groceries once every 30 days. You must check the guidelines for your local Catholic Charities food pantry schedule and rules.
Policies vary, but many pantries are flexible to serve all populations, including those experiencing homelessness. While some may ask for an ID or proof of address to establish service areas, many have minimal requirements. Some locations provide ready-to-eat food that doesn't require a kitchen for preparation.
Volunteers are crucial to pantry operations. You can help by sorting donations, stocking shelves, or assisting clients. Most local Catholic Charities websites have a "Get Involved" or "Volunteer" page with information and applications. Donating non-perishable food or funds is also a great way to support their mission.
No. Service at Catholic Charities is provided to anyone in need, regardless of their religious beliefs, background, or personal circumstances. Their mission is to serve the community as a whole, and there is no religious requirement to receive assistance or utilize their food pantry services.
For those using the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), knowing which stores accept Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) is crucial. A common question is, does Walgreens take EBT? The answer is yes, and recent changes have significantly expanded how you can use your benefits there.
While many Walgreens have accepted EBT cards in-store for years, new partnerships now allow SNAP for online orders, including same-day delivery and pickup. This shift changes how millions of Americans can access groceries and essentials from the pharmacy giant. This overview details Walgreens' EBT policy, from in-store checkout to online ordering, to ensure a smooth shopping experience.
Walgreens' acceptance of EBT has evolved significantly. Historically, SNAP recipients could use their EBT cards at many, but not all, Walgreens and Duane Reade locations. Now, collaborations with major delivery platforms have made Walgreens a key player in online grocery access for benefit recipients.
Nationwide Online EBT Acceptance
Through partnerships with Instacart, DoorDash, and Uber Eats, Walgreens now accepts online SNAP/EBT payments for delivery from over 7,800 stores across the country. This move positions Walgreens as a convenient destination for the more than 40 million people receiving SNAP benefits. By embracing modern technology, Walgreens now competes with traditional supermarkets in providing essentials to communities facing transportation or mobility challenges.
The table below summarizes the current ways you can use your EBT card at Walgreens.
Table 1: Walgreens EBT Payment Options at a Glance
| Shopping Method | EBT SNAP Accepted? | How it Works | Key Consideration |
|---|---|---|---|
| In-Store (Cashier/Self-Checkout) | Yes | Standard card swipe and PIN entry at the point-of-sale terminal. | Acceptance can vary by store. Always call your local store or use the USDA SNAP Retailer Locator to confirm participation. |
| Online (via DoorDash) | Yes | Order through the DoorDash app or website. Add your EBT card as a payment method and select it at checkout. | A secondary payment method (credit or debit card) is required for non-eligible items, tips, and fees. |
| Online (via Instacart) | Yes | Order through the Instacart app or website. Add your EBT card to your profile and select it at checkout. | A secondary payment method is mandatory for any fees, tips, or non-food items. Instacart also offers a pickup option. |
Using an EBT card at a participating Walgreens is similar to using a debit card. Understanding the process for both standard and self-checkout, as well as how to handle mixed purchases, can help prevent issues.
The In-Store Checkout Process
Whether at a cashier lane or a self-checkout station, the payment process is straightforward.
Handling Common Issues
If an EBT card is too worn to swipe, some Walgreens systems allow cashiers to enter the number manually. However, not all employees may be familiar with this process. You may need to ask for a manager's assistance. Note that you must have the physical card with you; a photo of the card is not permitted.
Managing Split Payments
Walgreens' checkout systems handle split payments easily. When you swipe your EBT card, the cost of SNAP-approved items is automatically deducted from your balance. The terminal will then show the remaining amount due for any non-eligible items, which you can pay with cash, debit, or credit. To avoid a declined transaction, check your EBT balance before you shop. Your receipt will show your remaining SNAP balance after the purchase.
The most significant update to Walgreens' EBT policy is the nationwide rollout of online payment through third-party delivery services. This allows customers to get thousands of SNAP-eligible products delivered, often within an hour, which is a major step forward in food access. The process requires using a partner app like DoorDash or Instacart and having a secondary payment method for non-SNAP fees.
Step-by-Step: Ordering with EBT on DoorDash
DoorDash was the first platform to offer SNAP EBT payments from a major drugstore chain nationwide, partnering with nearly 7,800 Walgreens locations.
Step-by-Step: Ordering with EBT on Instacart
Instacart also provides nationwide online EBT ordering from over 7,500 Walgreens stores.
While convenient, these services require a secondary payment card, which can be a barrier for unbanked or underbanked individuals who rely on SNAP. This highlights a gap where digital convenience is not yet fully accessible to everyone.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) sets the rules for what can be purchased with SNAP benefits at all authorized retailers, including Walgreens. Benefits are for food items that can be prepared and eaten at home.
Eligible Items
According to USDA guidelines, SNAP-eligible foods include:
Ineligible Items
There is a strict list of items that cannot be purchased with SNAP benefits. These include:
The table below provides examples to help distinguish between eligible and ineligible items.
Table 2: SNAP-Eligible vs. Ineligible Items at Walgreens
| What You CAN Buy with SNAP (Examples) | What You CANNOT Buy with SNAP (Examples) |
|---|---|
| Milk, cheese, and yogurt | Vitamins and dietary supplements |
| Bread, cereal, and pasta | Hot coffee or prepared hot foods |
| Fresh, frozen, or canned fruits and vegetables | Beer, wine, and other alcoholic beverages |
| Chicken, ground beef, and fish | Cigarettes and tobacco products |
| Snack foods like chips, cookies, and candy | Pet food and supplies |
| Non-alcoholic beverages like soda and juice | Soaps, shampoo, and hygiene items |
| Seeds and plants to grow food | Paper products (toilet paper, paper towels) |
| Frozen pizza and other frozen meals | Household cleaning supplies |
Many EBT cards hold both SNAP benefits for food and cash assistance from programs like Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). While SNAP funds are restricted to food, TANF cash can be used to buy non-food essentials or to withdraw cash.
Walgreens' policy on accepting EBT cash is less clear than its SNAP policy. Official announcements focus on SNAP, but some state documents show certain Walgreens locations are authorized for POS cash withdrawals. For example, documents from California and Tennessee list cash withdrawal limits at Walgreens stores.
There is no universal policy from Walgreens corporate on accepting EBT cash for non-food items or providing cash back. Acceptance appears to vary by state and store. Online platforms like DoorDash and Instacart do not mention accepting TANF cash benefits. The most reliable approach is to ask the cashier about the store's specific policy before your transaction.
It is important to know the difference between a government-issued EBT card and a private Over-the-Counter (OTC) benefit card, which Walgreens heavily promotes.
Confusion can arise because Walgreens advertises its acceptance of OTC cards for items that are prohibited under SNAP rules, such as vitamins. A customer might see signs for "benefit cards" and mistakenly believe their EBT card can be used for these health products. Remember, EBT and OTC are separate programs with different rules.
While national companies announce broad policies, implementation can sometimes lag behind information from state agencies, causing confusion.
The Case of Nevada
A clear example is Nevada. In 2024, national press releases and the USDA listed Walgreens as a participating online SNAP retailer nationwide, including in Nevada. However, guidance from Nevada's Division of Welfare and Supportive Services (DWSS) only named Walmart and Amazon as approved online retailers, stating it was "working to add more stores".
This "information lag" is common. National corporations often move faster than government agencies can update their public materials.
How to Get the Most Accurate Information
When faced with conflicting information, it is best to verify locally. Instead of relying on a potentially outdated state document, you can:
This approach helps you find the most current and accurate answer, bridging the gap between national policy and local reality.
Yes, many Walgreens locations are authorized to accept WIC. However, WIC program participation is determined at the state level and can vary by store. The best approach is to use the store locator on the Walgreens website, which includes a "WIC Accepted" filter to find participating locations near you.
According to Walgreens' return policy, refunds are issued to the original form of payment. If you return an EBT-eligible item purchased with your SNAP benefits and have the receipt, the refund amount will be credited directly back to your EBT card. Cash refunds are not provided for SNAP returns.
Yes, you can use your EBT card at Walgreens self-checkout kiosks. The process is similar to using it with a cashier. The system will prompt you to select your payment method, where you can choose EBT and then enter your PIN to complete the transaction for eligible items.
If your EBT card is declined, first confirm you are purchasing only SNAP-eligible items. The issue is often due to insufficient funds, an incorrect PIN entry, or a temporary system error. Check your balance using your state's EBT app or the toll-free number on your card before trying again.
Yes. While your SNAP benefits will cover the cost of eligible food items, they cannot be used to pay for delivery fees, service charges, or driver tips. You must provide a separate credit or debit card on your Instacart or DoorDash account to cover these non-eligible expenses.
If your EBT card includes cash benefits (TANF), you may be able to get cash back with a purchase at participating Walgreens locations, subject to store limits. However, policies can vary, so it is best to ask the cashier before starting your transaction. You cannot get cash back without a purchase.
No, you cannot use EBT SNAP funds to purchase prescription medications. SNAP benefits are strictly limited to eligible food and grocery items. Pharmacy items, including both over-the-counter medicines and prescription drugs, are not eligible for purchase with SNAP.
No, you cannot add an EBT card as a direct payment method within the official Walgreens app. To pay for Walgreens orders online with EBT, you must add your card to a third-party delivery platform like Instacart or DoorDash and place your order through their app or website.
If your EBT SNAP funds are not enough to cover all eligible items, you can split the payment. You can use your remaining SNAP balance first and then pay for the rest of the items with another accepted payment method, such as a credit card, debit card, or cash.
The most reliable way to check your EBT balance is by calling the toll-free number on the back of your card or using your state's designated EBT portal or mobile app. After making a purchase at Walgreens, your remaining balance will also be printed on the bottom of your receipt.
Yes, Hy-Vee accepts Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) cards for households in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). The Midwestern grocery chain allows customers to use their SNAP benefits for both in-person and online shopping, ensuring access to essential groceries.
Shoppers can use their SNAP EBT cards for eligible food purchases at the checkout register in any participating Hy-Vee store. To meet the demand for online shopping, Hy-Vee has also expanded its digital payment options.
Three Ways to Pay with EBT at Hy-Vee
There are three main ways to use your EBT benefits at Hy-Vee:
Hy-Vee's EBT Strategy
Hy-Vee's approach to EBT payments reflects a modern retail strategy. The company manages in-store and curbside pickup transactions directly. For the more complex challenge of home delivery, Hy-Vee relies on partnerships with technology companies like Instacart and DoorDash.
This became possible after Hy-Vee participated in the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) SNAP Online Purchasing Pilot. This program established the rules for third-party platforms to securely process EBT payments online.
Initially, Hy-Vee's policy only allowed EBT for pickup, as its delivery drivers couldn't process EBT payments at a customer's home. By partnering with Instacart and DoorDash, Hy-Vee overcame this barrier, making home delivery a viable option for EBT users.
Using an EBT card at a Hy-Vee store is a simple process, much like using a debit card. All authorized Hy-Vee locations accept EBT cards for items that are eligible under SNAP rules. Knowing the steps can help ensure a smooth transaction.
How to Use Your EBT Card at the Register
Follow these steps at the checkout lane to avoid confusion or delays.
SNAP vs. Cash Accounts on Your EBT Card: A Critical Distinction
Your EBT card can hold two different types of benefits: SNAP and Cash. Understanding the difference is key to using your benefits effectively.
SNAP Benefits
These funds come from the federal Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. They are strictly for buying eligible food items like:
Cash Benefits
These funds usually come from state programs like Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). They are more flexible and can be used for:
When you check out, selecting "Cash" on the terminal accesses these funds.
Confirming Your Local Store is SNAP-Authorized
While almost all Hy-Vee stores accept SNAP, it's wise to confirm. The most reliable way is to use the official USDA SNAP Retailer Locator tool online.
Authorized stores also usually display a Quest® logo or other signs near the entrance or at checkout lanes. When in doubt, the USDA's online locator is the best source.
Hy-Vee's curbside pickup service, Aisles Online, allows customers to use their SNAP EBT benefits. You can order groceries online and collect them at the store without going inside. The system requires you to have your physical EBT card present at pickup to complete the payment.
A Step-by-Step Guide to Placing a Pickup Order
Follow these steps to place a curbside pickup order using your EBT card.
The Curbside Pickup Protocol: What to Expect
After placing your order, here is what happens when you get to the store.
Managing Split Payments for Ineligible Items
Since SNAP benefits only cover certain food items, you will often need a second payment method.
Bring both your EBT card and a separate credit or debit card to pickup. The EBT card will be charged first for all eligible items. After that, your secondary card will be used to pay for any remaining costs, including:
For home delivery, Hy-Vee partners with third-party services like Instacart and DoorDash. To use your SNAP benefits for a Hy-Vee delivery, you must place your order through one of these partner apps or websites.
The Third-Party Partnership Model
When you order Hy-Vee delivery through Instacart or DoorDash, you are using their platform, payment system, and delivery network. This partnership expands Hy-Vee's EBT options beyond its previous in-store and pickup services. Both Instacart and DoorDash officially support SNAP/EBT payments for Hy-Vee orders.
These technology companies have built systems that meet the USDA's strict security requirements for online EBT transactions. This allows them to separate eligible items and securely process PINs online.
Setting Up Your EBT Card in Delivery Apps
Before ordering, you must add your EBT card as a payment method in the app. You will also need a secondary credit or debit card to cover non-SNAP costs like fees and tips.
Placing a Delivery Order and Paying for Fees
Shopping on these platforms is designed to follow SNAP program rules.
To help with these costs, some platforms offer discounts. For example, Instacart offers a discounted Instacart+ membership for SNAP users, which can reduce or eliminate delivery fees on orders.
Understanding what you can and cannot buy with SNAP benefits is essential. The USDA sets clear guidelines that all retailers, including Hy-Vee, must follow.
The "Hot vs. Cold" Prepared Foods Distinction
A common point of confusion is prepared foods from the deli. The main rule is that SNAP is for food to be prepared at home, not for restaurant-style meals.
The General Rule
Most hot, ready-to-eat foods are ineligible for SNAP. This includes hot rotisserie chickens, items from a hot food bar, or hot pizza. Because they are intended for immediate consumption, they are not covered.
Cold Food Exceptions
In contrast, many prepared foods sold cold are eligible. These are considered grocery items, not ready-to-eat meals. Examples include:
The Restaurant Meals Program (RMP)
The RMP is a state-level program that allows certain SNAP recipients (elderly, disabled, or homeless) to buy hot meals at participating restaurants. However, this program is not available in every state, and there is no evidence that Hy-Vee participates in the RMP. Shoppers should assume the standard "hot vs. cold" rule applies.
Eligible vs. Ineligible Product Categories
This table provides a clear breakdown of what you can and cannot buy with SNAP benefits at Hy-Vee, based on USDA guidelines.
| Eligible for SNAP Purchase | Ineligible for SNAP Purchase |
|---|---|
| Fruits and Vegetables (fresh, frozen, or canned) | Alcoholic Beverages (beer, wine, liquor) and Tobacco Products |
| Meat, Poultry, and Fish (including shellfish) | Vitamins, Medicines, and Supplements (any item with a "Supplement Facts" label) |
| Dairy Products (milk, cheese, yogurt, etc.) | Hot Foods (items hot at the point of sale, like rotisserie chicken) |
| Breads and Cereals | Live Animals (except fish removed from water and shellfish) |
| Other Staple Foods like snack foods, coffee, and non-alcoholic beverages | Non-Food Items of any kind, including: |
| Bakery Items such as birthday cakes, pies, and donuts | Pet foods |
| Energy Drinks that have a "Nutrition Facts" label | Cleaning supplies |
| Seeds and Plants that produce food for the household to eat | Paper products (paper towels, toilet paper) |
| Cold Deli Items intended for home consumption (e.g., cold sandwiches, salads) | Household supplies and personal care items |
Hy-Vee offers flexible and reliable options for customers using SNAP EBT benefits. By understanding the procedures for each shopping method, you can purchase groceries for your household efficiently.
Here is a summary of your options:
Knowing these different pathways empowers you to choose the best option for your needs, budget, and lifestyle.
No, you cannot use Hy-Vee Perks rewards when paying with an EBT card. While you can benefit from in-store sales and promotions on SNAP-eligible products, the loyalty program does not permit earning or redeeming points on any portion of a transaction paid for with EBT benefits.
If your EBT card is declined, first ensure you have a sufficient balance in your SNAP or cash account. The cashier can try swiping the card again. If it continues to fail, you must use another payment method and contact your state's EBT customer service for assistance.
Yes, many Hy-Vee stores are authorized to accept both WIC and EBT. Since WIC covers a very specific list of items, it is best to separate them from your other groceries and inform the cashier you are making a WIC purchase before they begin scanning your items.
Yes, you can get cashback at Hy-Vee if you have funds available in your EBT "Cash" account, which is separate from your SNAP food benefits. When paying, you must select the "Cash" option on the terminal to access these funds for cashback or to purchase non-food items.
Yes, Hy-Vee's online pickup service generally requires a minimum order of $24.95. To place a smaller order using your SNAP/EBT benefits, you must call your specific Hy-Vee store directly and let them know you need to place a SNAP/EBT online order that is below the minimum.
You cannot use your EBT card to purchase gasoline. SNAP benefits are restricted to eligible food items. However, you can use your EBT card inside the gas station's convenience store to buy approved items like snacks, cold beverages, and other qualifying groceries.
If you identify an incorrect charge on your receipt, you should go to the customer service desk at the store immediately. A representative can process a refund for the incorrect amount directly back to your EBT card. For online orders, contact the customer support for the platform you used (e.g., Instacart).
Yes, most cold catering trays and party platters are eligible for purchase with SNAP EBT at Hy-Vee. This includes items like fruit trays, vegetable platters, and cold sandwich trays. Hot catered foods, however, are not eligible for purchase with SNAP benefits.
Yes, you can use manufacturer's coupons on products you are purchasing with your EBT card. Applying a coupon reduces the total cost of the item before payment is processed, which helps you conserve your monthly SNAP benefits and stretch your food budget further.
Your SNAP benefits do not expire at the end of each month; any remaining balance automatically rolls over. However, it is important to use your card periodically. If your EBT card remains inactive for nine consecutive months, the state will permanently remove any accumulated benefits from your account.
When using your Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) EBT card at Walmart, your shopping list likely includes staples like milk, bread, and vegetables. These essentials are the foundation of the program, designed to help households access nutritious food.
However, your benefits can cover much more than the basics. Understanding the full scope of EBT-eligible items can help you add variety to your meals, celebrate special occasions, and stretch your food budget further than you might expect.
Walmart accepts EBT in all 50 states for in-store, pickup, and delivery orders, making it a key retailer for millions of families. From birthday cakes to garden seeds, a wide array of surprising items are available for purchase with your SNAP benefits.
Before exploring the more surprising items, it's crucial to know the basic rules. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) sets the guidelines for the SNAP program, which apply to all authorized retailers, including Walmart.
What's Covered by SNAP EBT
Generally, SNAP benefits are for food items intended for human consumption at home. This includes:
What's Not Covered by SNAP EBT
SNAP benefits cannot be used to purchase:
The Critical Distinction: Nutrition Facts vs. Supplement Facts
A key rule that often causes confusion involves a product's label. The eligibility of items like energy drinks and protein powders depends on whether they feature a "Nutrition Facts" or "Supplement Facts" label. This distinction, set by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), is the ultimate test for what you can buy.
Understanding this simple difference will help you shop with confidence for these items at Walmart.
EBT Eligibility at a Glance: The Label Test
| ELIGIBLE: Nutrition Facts Label | INELIGIBLE: Supplement Facts Label |
|---|---|
| Items considered food by the FDA. | Items considered supplements by the FDA. |
| Examples: Most energy drinks (Monster, Red Bull, Alani Nu), many protein powders and bars, meal replacement shakes (Ensure, Boost), baby formula. | Examples: Vitamins, minerals, herbal remedies, many energy "shots" (5-Hour Energy), dietary supplements. |
With the ground rules established, you can explore the less obvious items that can help you get the most out of your food budget at Walmart.
1. Celebration & Bakery Cakes
You can use your EBT card to buy a cake for a birthday, graduation, or another special event. Many people assume SNAP is only for basic necessities, but celebratory cakes are included. The main rule is that the value of any non-edible decorations cannot be more than 50% of the cake's total price. This allows you to order a custom-decorated cake from the Walmart Bakery for your family's celebration.
2. Gourmet Gift Baskets
Food gift baskets are another surprising item you can purchase with EBT benefits. The rule is similar to cakes: the value of the eligible food items must make up more than half of the total price. The basket or container is considered a non-food item in this calculation. Walmart offers many EBT-eligible gift baskets, like those with sausage and cheese, making them a great option for holidays.
3. Seeds and Plants to Grow Your Own Food
Perhaps one of the most valuable uses of your EBT card is buying seeds and plants that produce food. This includes seeds for vegetables, fruits, and herbs, as well as edible plant starts like tomato plants. This benefit turns your SNAP funds into a long-term investment in fresh, healthy food. For every dollar spent on seeds, a home gardener can grow an average of $25 worth of produce.
4. Energy Drinks & Protein Powders
This is where the "label test" is essential. As long as an energy drink or protein powder has a "Nutrition Facts" label, it is considered a food and is EBT-eligible. This includes popular brands sold at Walmart like Monster and Alani Nu, as well as Walmart's own Great Value energy drink mixes. The same rule applies to protein powders and meal replacement shakes.
5. Steak and Seafood (Including Live Lobster)
There is a common misconception that SNAP benefits cannot be used to buy "luxury" foods like steak or lobster, but this is incorrect. The program does not restrict food purchases based on price. You can buy steak, salmon, and other high-quality proteins at Walmart with your EBT card.
Furthermore, the USDA makes a specific exception for live shellfish, including lobster, crabs, and clams. While many Walmart locations sell frozen lobster tails (which are eligible), those with live seafood tanks can also sell live lobster to EBT customers.
6. Take-and-Bake Pizzas
The "hot food" rule can be confusing. While you cannot use EBT to buy a hot, ready-to-eat pizza slice from the Walmart deli, you can purchase a cold, uncooked take-and-bake pizza. This is because it is an item intended for home preparation, which is a key requirement of the SNAP program.
7. Baby Formula and Food
For households with infants, it is crucial to know that baby formula, baby food, infant cereals, and juices are all EBT-eligible items. These are fundamental nutrition sources for the youngest members of a family. Families who qualify for SNAP may also be eligible for the WIC program, which provides additional support.
8. Snack Foods, Candy, and Soda
While sometimes a point of public debate, items like chips, candy, ice cream, and soda are classified as food items under federal law. As such, they are eligible for purchase with SNAP benefits. Walmart's extensive selection of Great Value brand snacks and beverages provides many affordable options in this category.
9. Food-Based Holiday & Seasonal Items
You can use your EBT card for many seasonal food items. For example, pumpkins are eligible as long as they are the edible kind, not gourds intended only for decoration. This rule also applies to other seasonal items like gingerbread house kits, where the food components must be over 50% of the value.
10. Cooking & Flavoring Essentials
The rule prohibiting alcohol has an important exception. While you cannot buy alcoholic beverages, you can purchase food products that contain small amounts of alcohol used for flavoring. This includes items like cooking wine, wine vinegar, and pure vanilla extract, as they are sold as cooking ingredients.
11. Bags of Ice and Bottled Water
Though they may not seem like traditional groceries, both bottled water and bags of ice are considered eligible food items by the USDA. This is because they are intended for human consumption. This simple but often overlooked category can be purchased with your EBT card at Walmart.
Walmart makes it easy to use your EBT benefits, whether you are shopping in-store or online. Knowing the steps can help make your checkout experience smooth and stress-free.
Shopping In-Store
The process at both regular and self-checkout lanes is simple. The register system automatically separates EBT-eligible items from the rest of your purchase.
Ordering Online for Pickup & Delivery
Walmart accepts EBT for online pickup and delivery orders in all 50 states.
To provide additional support for families, Walmart offers the Walmart+ Assist program. This program gives a significant discount on a Walmart+ membership, which includes numerous cost-saving benefits.
In 2024, Walmart reinstated a $6.99 "basket fee" for pickup and delivery orders under $35. This fee applies to all customers, including Walmart+ Assist members.
SNAP benefits and eligibility standards are adjusted annually to reflect changes in the cost of living. For fiscal year 2025, which runs from October 1, 2024, to September 30, 2025, the USDA has updated the maximum monthly allotments. The figures below are the current maximums for households in the 48 contiguous states and Washington, D.C.
FY 2025 Maximum Monthly SNAP Allotments
| Household Size | Maximum Benefit |
|---|---|
| 1 | $292 |
| 2 | $536 |
| 3 | $768 |
| 4 | $975 |
| 5 | $1,158 |
| 6 | $1,390 |
| 7 | $1,536 |
| 8 | $1,756 |
| Each additional person | +$220 |
Knowing these figures, along with the full range of eligible items, can help you plan your shopping trips to Walmart more effectively. For the most current information on your specific case, always refer to your local SNAP agency or the official USDA website.
Yes, you can purchase protein powders at Walmart using your EBT card, but only if the product has a "Nutrition Facts" label. If it displays a "Supplement Facts" label, it is considered a supplement by the USDA and is not eligible for purchase with SNAP benefits.
Absolutely. Baby formula, along with other essential baby foods like infant cereals and juices, are considered staple food items. You can use your SNAP EBT benefits to purchase these items at any Walmart store or through Walmart's online platform, ensuring your little one's nutritional needs are met.
Yes, you can buy birthday and other celebration cakes with your EBT card at Walmart. However, there's a rule: the value of non-edible decorations (like plastic figures) cannot exceed 50% of the cake's total price. Most standard bakery cakes from Walmart will meet this requirement.
No, you cannot get cash back for returns. According to Walmart's policy and federal regulations, if you return an EBT-purchased item, the refund amount is credited directly back to your EBT card. This policy helps ensure that SNAP benefits are used exclusively for eligible food items.
Yes, you can use your EBT card to buy any brand of organic foods at Walmart, including fruits, vegetables, meats, and dairy products. The SNAP program does not distinguish between organic and non-organic foods, so you are free to choose the options that best suit your family's preferences.
When you check out on Walmart.com, the system automatically separates SNAP-eligible items from non-eligible ones. You will be prompted to enter your EBT card information first to cover the food items. Afterward, you must provide a separate payment method, like a debit or credit card, for the remaining balance.
No, SNAP benefits cannot be used to cover non-food expenses such as delivery fees, service charges, or driver tips. While you can pay for your eligible groceries with EBT for an online order, you will need a separate form of payment to cover any associated service costs for pickup or delivery.
If your EBT card is declined at a self-checkout kiosk, first verify your card balance using your state's EBT app or helpline. Often, a decline happens if the total for food items exceeds your available balance. You may need to use the "split payment" option or ask an associate for assistance.
Gift baskets can be one of the more surprising things you can buy with EBT at Walmart, provided they meet a specific condition. If the value of the eligible food items in the basket is 50% or more of the total price, you can purchase it with your SNAP benefits.
The eligibility of energy drinks depends on their labeling. An energy drink is EBT-eligible if it has a "Nutrition Facts" label, as it is considered a food item. If it has a "Supplement Facts" label, the USDA classifies it as a supplement, making it ineligible for purchase with SNAP.
Many individuals wonder, "does Starbucks take EBT?" The answer to this common question is not a straightforward yes or no. Acceptance of Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) cards at Starbucks depends on several factors. These include the type of EBT benefit being used (such as Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program food stamps or EBT cash), the specific Starbucks location—whether it's a company-owned store or one licensed to operate within another retailer—and sometimes even state-specific programs.
The primary reason for this complexity is that Starbucks, as a major brand, does not maintain a single, universally applied EBT acceptance policy across its varied store formats. This is unlike many large grocery chains where EBT is standard.
To clarify, Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) is the system states use to issue government assistance, including food and cash benefits. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as food stamps, is a key federal program that provides financial aid to low-income households specifically for purchasing eligible food items. Understanding these distinctions is crucial to determining if and how EBT can be used at Starbucks.
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is a federal initiative designed to help low-income individuals and families afford nutritious food. While it's a federal program, SNAP is administered at the state level. However, federal guidelines dictate which food items are eligible for purchase with SNAP benefits.
General USDA Guidelines for SNAP-Eligible Food Items
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) sets the rules for what can be bought with SNAP benefits. Generally, these include:
General USDA Guidelines for SNAP-Ineligible Items
Equally important are the items that cannot be purchased with SNAP benefits. For the context of Starbucks, these are particularly relevant:
The rules regarding "hot at point of sale" and items "intended for home consumption" are especially significant for Starbucks. While a pre-packaged, cold bottled drink is typically SNAP-eligible, the status of a custom-made iced beverage prepared by a barista could, in theory, be interpreted differently by some stores, although cold drinks are generally eligible. The critical factor is that the item is not hot when sold. Packaged goods like coffee beans or sealed bottled drinks clearly align with the "home consumption" idea.
How Retailers Become SNAP-Authorized
For any store to accept SNAP EBT, it must first apply to the USDA's Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) and meet specific criteria. These criteria usually involve either stocking a certain variety and quantity of staple foods (Criterion A) or deriving a significant portion of their total gross retail sales from staple foods (Criterion B). This explains why most standalone Starbucks locations are not SNAP-authorized, as their primary business is not selling a broad range of groceries for home preparation.
Table: SNAP-Eligible vs. Ineligible Items (General & Starbucks Context)
| Item Category | Generally SNAP Eligible? | Key USDA Rule | Relevance to Starbucks Purchases |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hot Brewed Coffee/Tea | No | Hot at point of sale | Ineligible for SNAP. |
| Iced Coffee/Tea (bottled/canned, sealed) | Yes | Cold non-alcoholic beverage | Eligible if sold at a SNAP-authorized location. |
| Iced Coffee/Tea (custom-made by barista) | Yes | Cold non-alcoholic beverage | Generally eligible if cold, but acceptance depends on the store being SNAP-authorized and its policy on prepared items. |
| Packaged Coffee Beans/Grounds | Yes | Food item for home consumption | Eligible if sold at a SNAP-authorized location. |
| Packaged Snacks (e.g., chips, cookies, some bars with "Nutrition Facts" label) | Yes | Food item | Eligible if they have a "Nutrition Facts" label and are sold at a SNAP-authorized location. |
| Protein/Energy Drinks (with "Nutrition Facts" label) | Yes | Food item/Beverage | Eligible if sold at a SNAP-authorized location. |
| Protein/Energy Drinks (with "Supplement Facts" label) | No | Supplement | Ineligible for SNAP. |
| Hot Prepared Sandwiches/Pastries | No | Hot at point of sale | Ineligible for SNAP. |
| Cold Sandwiches/Salads (packaged for off-premise) | Yes | Food item for home consumption | Eligible if sold at a SNAP-authorized location. |
| Fruit Cups/Yogurt (packaged) | Yes | Food item | Eligible if sold at a SNAP-authorized location. |
| Starbucks Mugs, Tumblers, Merchandise | No | Non-food item | Ineligible for SNAP. |
Starbucks does not have a single, overarching corporate policy that mandates SNAP EBT acceptance at all its locations. This lack of a uniform stance is a primary source of confusion. The decision to accept SNAP EBT, and the capability to do so, largely hinges on the type of Starbucks store and its specific authorization status.
The core business model of Starbucks, which focuses on specialty coffee and prepared food and drinks for immediate consumption, inherently differs from the USDA's criteria for SNAP-authorized retailers. These criteria prioritize stores that offer a variety of staple foods intended for home preparation.
A typical standalone Starbucks café is unlikely to meet the USDA's requirement for staple food inventory (like carrying multiple varieties of bread, milk, raw meats, and fresh produce for home cooking). Nor is it likely to derive over 50% of its sales from such staple foods. This fundamental misalignment explains why most standalone Starbucks stores do not seek or obtain SNAP authorization independently.
As a general rule, most company-owned, standalone Starbucks locations—the familiar neighborhood coffee shops—do not accept SNAP EBT for food purchases. There are several reasons for this:
An extremely rare exception might occur if a standalone store were specifically authorized under the Restaurant Meals Program (discussed later), but this is not a common scenario for SNAP EBT use.
There's a higher likelihood of being able to use SNAP EBT at Starbucks kiosks or cafes situated inside other retail establishments that are already SNAP-authorized. Examples include grocery stores (Kroger, Safeway), large retailers (Target), or even some bookstores (Barnes & Noble). However, even in these settings, acceptance is not guaranteed and applies only to SNAP-eligible items.
The ability of these licensed Starbucks locations to accept SNAP EBT is entirely dependent on the parent store's EBT system and policies. The transaction is typically processed through the host retailer's point-of-sale (POS) system, not an independent Starbucks system.
Essentially, the Starbucks kiosk operates under the SNAP authorization of the larger store it resides in. It's not Starbucks independently accepting EBT. Rather, the host retailer facilitates the transaction for Starbucks-branded, SNAP-eligible products that are treated like any other qualifying grocery item by their system. This is why hot prepared Starbucks drinks are still typically excluded even in these locations—they violate fundamental SNAP rules, regardless of the host store's authorization.
What You Might Buy with SNAP (if accepted at a licensed location):
What You Likely Cannot Buy with SNAP (even at licensed locations):
The Target Case Study - A Microcosm of Confusion
Information regarding EBT acceptance at Starbucks locations within Target stores can be conflicting. Some sources suggest Target Starbucks do not accept EBT, citing they operate as separate entities with their own payment policies. Conversely, other information indicates they may accept EBT for eligible items, aligning with Target's broader EBT acceptance.
This discrepancy likely stems from variations in policies or POS system integration across different Target stores or changes over time. It could also be due to confusion between Starbucks as an entity and Target as the SNAP-authorized retailer hosting Starbucks. If Target's system processes the payment for a SNAP-eligible Starbucks item, it is effectively Target accepting the EBT payment.
This situation perfectly illustrates the "it depends" nature of EBT at licensed Starbucks. It underscores the critical need for local verification. Given this variability, the most reliable advice is to always confirm with the cashier at the specific licensed Starbucks location before attempting to make a purchase with SNAP EBT.
The Restaurant Meals Program (RMP) is a state-level option. It allows certain SNAP recipients to buy prepared meals at authorized restaurants using their SNAP EBT benefits. This program is specifically designed for individuals who may have difficulty preparing their own meals or lack permanent housing for food storage and preparation.
Who is Eligible for RMP?
Eligibility for RMP is typically restricted to SNAP recipients where all household members are:
Which States Have RMP?
RMP is not a nationwide program; states must opt-in to offer it. As of recent information, states with RMP include Arizona, California, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Rhode Island, and Virginia. Program specifics, including the list of participating restaurants, can vary significantly by state and even by county.
Starbucks and RMP Participation
For a Starbucks location to accept SNAP EBT under the RMP, that specific restaurant must be formally authorized by the state agency and the USDA's FNS as an RMP vendor. While one source suggests Starbucks participates in RMP in select states allowing for hot meal purchases , widespread, officially documented Starbucks participation in RMP is not common. The administrative process for a restaurant to become RMP-approved is thorough.
It's important to understand that RMP is a niche program designed for a specific vulnerable population. It requires active participation and approval by both the state and the individual restaurant establishment. It is not a general pathway for all SNAP users to purchase items like hot coffee at any Starbucks. Any instances of Starbucks participating would be localized and explicitly approved under RMP guidelines. Individuals eligible for RMP should consult their state's official list of participating RMP restaurants.
How RMP Works
The EBT cards of SNAP clients eligible for RMP are specially coded by the state. This coding allows their cards to be accepted at RMP-authorized restaurants for prepared meals. If an individual is not RMP-eligible, or the restaurant is not RMP-authorized, the EBT card will be declined for such transactions.
An EBT card can hold more than just SNAP food benefits. It can also carry EBT cash benefits, such as those from the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program or other state-specific cash aid initiatives. These two types of benefits are distinct and operate under different rules.
EBT Cash (TANF) Explained
EBT cash benefits are designed to help families cover a broader range of essential needs beyond just SNAP-eligible food. These funds can typically be used for items like clothing, housing expenses, utilities, transportation, personal hygiene products, and other necessary non-food items.
How EBT Cash Can Be Used
EBT cash can often be used much like a standard debit card:
Potential Use of EBT Cash at Starbucks
If a Starbucks location—whether company-owned or licensed—has a Point-of-Sale (POS) system capable of processing EBT cash transactions (treating the EBT card like any other debit card for the cash portion of the benefits), then EBT cash could theoretically be used to purchase any item sold at that Starbucks. This includes hot coffee, prepared food, and even merchandise, subject to any state-level TANF spending restrictions.
The ability to use EBT cash at a retailer like Starbucks hinges almost entirely on whether their POS system is programmed to accept EBT cards for cash transactions. This is a business decision by Starbucks (or the licensed store operator) regarding their POS capabilities and policies, rather than a matter of USDA SNAP regulations.
Important Caveats for EBT Cash at Starbucks
Table: Understanding EBT Benefit Types
| Benefit Type | What It Primarily Covers | General Use Restrictions | Potential Use at Starbucks |
|---|---|---|---|
| SNAP Food Benefits | Eligible food items for home consumption | No hot food, no alcohol/tobacco, no non-food items, no supplements | Only for SNAP-eligible packaged items at some licensed locations that are SNAP-authorized. |
| EBT Cash Benefits (TANF) | Broader necessities (rent, utilities, clothing, etc.), can be withdrawn as cash | State-specific restrictions (e.g., no alcohol, tobacco, lottery, firearms) | Potentially for any item if the specific Starbucks store's POS system can process EBT cash like a debit card. |
Perhaps the most straightforward and reliable method for purchasing Starbucks-branded items using SNAP EBT is to buy them from SNAP-authorized grocery stores and other retailers that stock these products. Many supermarkets, convenience stores, and big-box retailers carry a range of packaged Starbucks items.
Eligible Items Commonly Available:
Online Retailers
Furthermore, many online retailers, including major players like Amazon, Walmart.com, and Target.com, accept SNAP EBT for eligible grocery items delivered to the home or for pickup. These online platforms often stock a wide variety of the packaged Starbucks products listed above. This makes them accessible via SNAP EBT without visiting a physical Starbucks store.
Given the varied policies and dependencies, there is no universal "yes" or "no" to whether Starbucks accepts EBT. The most effective approach is to understand the different factors at play and know how to verify acceptance locally.
Crucial Distinctions to Remember:
Location Type is Key:
RMP is a Niche Exception
The Restaurant Meals Program is available only to specific eligible populations (elderly, disabled, homeless) in participating states. It is also only available at RMP-authorized restaurants. Starbucks locations are not commonly RMP-authorized.
Packaged Goods at Other Retailers
The most certain way to use SNAP EBT for Starbucks products is to purchase packaged items. These include coffee beans, K-Cups, or bottled drinks from SNAP-authorized grocery stores or online retailers.
The Golden Rule: ALWAYS VERIFY LOCALLY
Due to the significant variability, the single most important piece of advice is to confirm acceptance at the specific Starbucks location you intend to visit:
This proactive approach empowers individuals to navigate the ambiguity. It helps them get a definitive answer for their specific situation at their local Starbucks.
Using EBT benefits at Starbucks is a nuanced issue. It is heavily dependent on the type of benefit, the specific Starbucks location and its operational model (company-owned vs. licensed), and the capabilities of its payment systems.
While standalone Starbucks generally do not accept SNAP EBT due to USDA regulations and their business model, some licensed locations within SNAP-authorized retailers might allow the purchase of eligible packaged items. EBT cash benefits offer more flexibility but rely on the individual store's POS system being configured to accept them.
No, you cannot use SNAP EBT to buy prepared drinks like Frappuccinos or lattes. These are considered "hot foods" or items for immediate consumption, which are not eligible under SNAP guidelines. This rule applies even at licensed locations inside grocery stores that accept EBT.
Corporate-owned Starbucks stores are not authorized by the USDA to be SNAP retailers. Their primary business is selling prepared food and drinks for immediate consumption, which largely falls outside the scope of items the SNAP program is designed to cover.
The Starbucks app does not accept EBT, SNAP, or EBT Cash as a payment method. You cannot link your EBT card to your Starbucks account to pay for orders or reload your digital Starbucks Card. Payment options are limited to credit/debit cards, PayPal, and other digital wallets.
Yes, absolutely. Packaged Starbucks products like K-Cups, bags of ground or whole bean coffee, and bottled drinks sold at SNAP-authorized retailers like Walmart, Target, or local supermarkets are eligible for purchase with your EBT card.
To use EBT at a licensed Starbucks kiosk, you must purchase SNAP-eligible items like packaged coffee or bottled water. The transaction is typically completed at the main grocery store checkout line, not the Starbucks counter itself, as it must go through the SNAP-approved register system.
If you attempt to pay with your SNAP EBT card at a corporate Starbucks, the transaction will be declined. Their point-of-sale systems are not configured to process SNAP payments, as they are not USDA-authorized retailers. You will need to provide an alternative form of payment.
While some fast-food chains participate in the RMP in states like California and Arizona, there is no evidence that Starbucks is an approved restaurant in this program. Eligibility is determined on a state-by-state basis, so it's best to check your state's official RMP restaurant list.
Possibly, but it is not guaranteed. EBT Cash (TANF) can be used like a debit card. While a corporate Starbucks may technically be able to accept it, their systems might not be set up for it. Acceptance of EBT Cash is inconsistent and depends entirely on the individual store's policy.
The corporate policy that standalone Starbucks stores do not take EBT is consistent nationwide. The only variation by state is whether a licensed store inside a grocery retailer can accept it, which depends on that retailer's policies, not Starbucks'.
There is no official list of SNAP-authorized Starbucks because corporate stores are not approved. To find retailers near you that sell eligible Starbucks products and accept EBT, use the USDA's official SNAP Retailer Locator, searching for grocery or superstores.
The landscape of trump snap benefits underwent significant examination and proposed reforms during the Trump administration. This period sparked widespread discussion about the future of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). These policy directions, focusing on work requirements, program funding, and eligibility criteria, aimed to reshape how food assistance is delivered to millions of Americans.
Exploring these multifaceted changes, their intended rationale, and their potential consequences for individuals and state governments offers crucial context. This helps in understanding the ongoing dialogue surrounding this vital safety net program. The administration's approach often involved integrating SNAP modifications within broader fiscal strategies. This suggested that changes to this crucial food assistance program were sometimes driven by larger budgetary objectives alongside stated goals of promoting self-sufficiency. The characterization of these legislative efforts as a "necessary reset" by then-President Trump further signaled an intent for fundamental, rather than merely incremental, adjustments to social programs like SNAP.
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) stands as a critical federal initiative. It is designed to help low-income individuals and families purchase nutritious food. Historically known as the Food Stamp Program, it was officially renamed SNAP on October 1, 2008. The program has evolved to use an Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) system, which functions like a debit card for eligible food purchases.
SNAP plays a significant role in alleviating food insecurity and poverty for millions across the United States. Key facts about SNAP include:
SNAP is jointly administered by the federal government and state agencies. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) is the primary federal body involved. While the federal government sets the core program requirements and typically covers the full cost of benefits, states are responsible for day-to-day administration. This includes determining eligibility and distributing benefits according to federal guidelines.
This dual administrative structure, where states possess some flexibility in certain operational aspects, can lead to complexities. This is particularly true when significant federal policy changes are introduced, especially those that propose shifting costs to states or limiting their administrative discretion. Such changes can create tension between federal mandates and diverse state capacities or priorities.
During the Trump administration, several key policy directions emerged concerning SNAP. These reflected a consistent emphasis on modifying work requirements, restructuring program funding, re-evaluating eligibility pathways, and adjusting benefit calculations. These proposals were often part of larger legislative packages, such as the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act," which aimed to make substantial changes to SNAP's eligibility and administrative rules.
The following table provides an overview of some of the significant proposed changes:
Table 1: Overview of Proposed SNAP Changes During Trump Administration Influence
| Policy Area | Specific Proposal/Change | Stated Rationale | Key Projected Impact (Examples) |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABAWD Work Requirements | Expand age range (e.g., up to 55-64 or 65) | Promote work, self-sufficiency | Millions could lose benefits (e.g., CBO: 3.2M from combined work rule changes) |
| Parental Work Requirements | Extend to parents of older children (e.g., children >6 or >7) | Promote work, self-sufficiency | Hundreds of thousands of parents affected, potential benefit loss for families |
| State Waivers (Work Req.) | Restrict states' ability to waive work requirements (e.g., only for unemployment >10%) | Ensure work rules apply broadly, reduce "waiver abuse" | Reduced state flexibility in economic downturns, more individuals subject to time limits |
| State Cost-Sharing (Benefits) | Require states to pay a portion of food benefit costs (e.g., 5-25% based on error rates) | Reduce federal spending, increase state accountability | Significant new costs for states, potential benefit cuts or states opting out |
| State Cost-Sharing (Admin) | Reduce federal share of administrative costs (e.g., from 50% to 25%) | Reduce federal spending | Increased administrative cost burden on states |
| Broad-Based Categorical Eligibility | Eliminate or restrict state option for BBCE | Target benefits more narrowly, reduce caseloads | Millions lose SNAP, ~1M children lose automatic free school meals, increased state admin costs |
| Thrifty Food Plan (TFP) | Cap inflationary growth or limit updates | Reduce federal spending | Erosion of benefit adequacy, e.g., $15 lower average monthly benefit by 2034 |
| Standard Utility Allowance (SUA) | Restrict utility deductions (e.g., no internet, LIHEAP link for non-elderly/disabled) | Reduce perceived overpayments, federal spending | Lower benefits for affected households (e.g., ~$100/month for some from LIHEAP/SUA change) |
| Data Access/Program Integrity | Mandate federal access to comprehensive state SNAP data; zero-tolerance for payment errors | Stop waste, fraud, abuse; ensure lawful participation | Privacy concerns, increased pressure on states regarding error rates |
A. Emphasis on Work Requirements for SNAP Recipients
A central theme of SNAP policy discussions during the Trump administration was the drive to strengthen and expand work requirements for beneficiaries. Executive Order 13828, "Reducing Poverty in America by Promoting Opportunity and Economic Mobility," issued in April 2018, called for a review and enforcement of existing work requirements in public assistance programs, including SNAP. The stated goal was promoting self-sufficiency.
Table 2: Evolution of ABAWD Work Requirement Provisions
| Feature | Pre-Trump Admin / Existing Law (General) | Key Trump Admin Era Proposals/Rules (Examples) |
|---|---|---|
| Age Subject to Rule (ABAWDs) | 18-54 years | Expand to 55-64 years , or up to 65 years |
| Required Work/Training Hours per Month | At least 80 hours (approx. 20 hrs/week) | Maintained at 80 hours/month |
| Time Limit on Benefits (without meeting req.) | Three months in a 36-month period | Maintained at three months in a 36-month period |
| State Waiver Criteria (General) | Areas with unemployment >10% or lack of sufficient jobs | Limit to counties with unemployment >10% , or >6% and restrict combining areas for waivers |
| Exemptions for Parents (General Work Req.) | Typically care for a child under six | Proposals to require work if youngest child is over 6 or 7 |
Existing General Work Rules
Current general SNAP work rules mandate that able-bodied individuals aged 16 to 59 must engage in certain activities. These include registering for work, participating in SNAP Employment and Training (E&T) programs if assigned, and accepting suitable job offers. They must also not voluntarily quit or reduce work hours below 30 per week without good cause.
Exemptions exist for those already working sufficiently or meeting other program work requirements. Also exempt are those caring for young children or incapacitated persons, or individuals with physical/mental limitations.
Stricter Rules for ABAWDs
A more stringent set of rules applies to Able-Bodied Adults Without Dependents (ABAWDs). Under existing law, ABAWDs aged 18 to 54 can only receive SNAP benefits for three months within a 36-month period. This limit applies unless they are working or participating in a qualifying work program for at least 80 hours per month.
Proposed Expansion of ABAWD Rules
Proposals sought to expand the age range for these ABAWD rules. This often included those aged 55 through 64, and in some discussions, up to age 65.
Changes for Parents
Changes were also proposed for parents. While parents caring for young children are typically exempt from general work requirements, some proposals aimed to extend these requirements. This would apply to parents whose youngest child was older, for example, over the age of six or seven. This marked a significant shift from exemptions often tied to children under 18 or under six.
Limiting State Waivers
A critical component involved limiting states' abilities to waive ABAWD time limits. States have historically been able to request waivers for areas with high unemployment or a lack of sufficient jobs. However, new rules and legislative proposals sought to make these waivers harder to obtain.
Examples include setting a higher unemployment threshold (e.g., over 10% consistently, or over 6% with restrictions on defining waiver areas). These changes also aimed to prevent states from combining areas of high and low unemployment to qualify larger regions for waivers. Proponents argued that such waivers were overused or "abused" in areas where jobs were supposedly available.
Concerns Regarding Stricter Requirements
The push for stricter work requirements raised concerns, especially when coupled with limited waivers during job scarcity. If individuals live in areas with structural unemployment or face multiple employment barriers (like lack of transport, childcare, or skills), denying benefits doesn't create jobs or remove barriers. Instead, it risks deepening poverty and potentially making it harder to secure stable employment, countering the goal of economic mobility.
Furthermore, administering expanded and more complex work requirements could strain state agencies. This might divert resources from efficient benefit delivery to intensive enforcement, potentially increasing errors and wrongful benefit termination for eligible individuals struggling with documentation.
It is also noteworthy that the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (March 2020) temporarily suspended the ABAWD time limit nationwide. This was due to the COVID-19 pandemic's economic crisis, highlighting challenges of rigid work rules during widespread job loss.
B. Restructuring SNAP Funding: The Push for State Cost-Sharing
A fundamental shift proposed during this period involved restructuring SNAP financing. Traditionally, the federal government covered 100% of food benefit costs, sharing administrative costs roughly 50/50 with states. Several proposals aimed to change this by requiring states to pay a portion of actual food benefit costs for the first time.
Proposed State Contributions
These proposals often suggested states begin paying at least 5% of food benefit costs. This share could potentially rise to as much as 25% if a state was deemed to have high payment error rates. For instance, one plan stipulated:
Concurrently, proposals also aimed to reduce the federal government's contribution to administrative costs. The federal share could drop from 50% to 25%, shifting 75% of these operational burdens to states.
Financial Impact on States
The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) projected substantial federal savings from such changes. However, this would transfer billions in new costs to state governments. This raised significant concerns about consequences for states, which often operate under balanced budget requirements.
Faced with these new unfunded mandates, states might be forced into difficult choices:
Potential Unintended Consequences
Linking a state's share of benefit costs to its payment error rates could inadvertently create negative incentives. States might become overly restrictive in eligibility determination to avoid financial penalties. This could disproportionately affect households with complex circumstances or vulnerable individuals, potentially leading to denial of benefits to eligible families. Redefining a payment error to include any discrepancy (a "$0" threshold) would likely increase measured error rates, exacerbating this pressure.
Moreover, compelling states to share benefit costs would fundamentally alter SNAP's nature. It would shift SNAP from a national entitlement program with uniform federal funding towards a system where benefits and access could vary significantly by state. This could worsen existing geographic disparities in food security, weakening the concept of a consistent national safety net.
C. Re-evaluating Eligibility: The Debate Over Broad-Based Categorical Eligibility (BBCE)
Broad-Based Categorical Eligibility (BBCE) is a state option within SNAP, used by a majority of states to streamline administration and access. Under BBCE, households may be categorically eligible for SNAP if they receive a non-cash TANF-funded benefit or service (e.g., a brochure). This policy typically aligns SNAP asset limits with TANF programs and can permit slightly higher gross income limits (e.g., up to 200% of federal poverty, though net income tests still apply).
Advantages of BBCE
Proponents argue BBCE reduces red tape for applicants and state agencies, lowers administrative costs, and helps working poor families gradually phase off assistance. It avoids a "benefit cliff" where a small pay raise causes total benefit loss. Research indicated BBCE could reduce administrative costs by up to 7% per case.
Proposals to Eliminate BBCE
Despite these advantages, the Trump administration proposed in 2019 to eliminate or severely restrict BBCE. The rationale often centered on targeting SNAP benefits only to those meeting standard federal income and asset tests, without BBCE's flexibilities.
Projected Impacts of Eliminating BBCE
Eliminating BBCE was projected to have substantial impacts:
Targeting BBCE, a policy for administrative efficiency and supporting working families, seemed contradictory if goals were streamlining government and promoting work. This suggests a primary objective might have been reducing SNAP participation and expenditure, potentially outweighing efficiency or support for working families. The interconnectedness of SNAP eligibility with school meals and WIC means SNAP changes can have cascading negative effects on child nutrition and health.
D. Adjustments to Benefit Calculations and Food Access
Beyond eligibility and work rules, proposals also touched on SNAP benefit calculations and purchase restrictions.
Thrifty Food Plan (TFP)
The TFP is the USDA's model for a low-cost, nutritious diet, forming the basis for maximum SNAP benefits. Some legislative proposals included:
Restrictions on Food Purchases
The Trump administration approved requests from a few states (Arkansas, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Nebraska, Utah mentioned for 2025 approvals) to exclude items like soda or candy from SNAP purchases. This reflected debate about using SNAP for healthier food choices.
Standard Utility Allowance (SUA)
SNAP households can receive deductions for shelter expenses, including utilities, potentially increasing benefits. States can use an SUA to simplify this. Proposals emerged to restrict these deductions.
E. Program Integrity and Data Management
A significant focus was enhancing program integrity and combating waste, fraud, and abuse in SNAP. This led to initiatives for increased federal oversight and data access.
Executive Order and Data Demands
On March 20, 2025, President Trump signed Executive Order 14243, "Stopping Waste, Fraud, and Abuse by Eliminating Information Silos." This required federal agencies to have "unfettered access to comprehensive data from all state programs that receive federal funding," including SNAP. In May 2025, the USDA's FNS announced it would require states to share all records associated with SNAP benefits with the federal government. The stated rationale was transparency and ensuring "appropriate and lawful participation in SNAP."
Privacy Concerns and Legal Challenges
This directive for mass data collection (including social security numbers, addresses, etc., of all recipients since January 1, 2020) sparked privacy concerns and legal challenges. Critics argued it disregarded congressional privacy protections, lacked clear justification, and could deter program participation. Lawsuits claimed violations of the Privacy Act of 1974, Paperwork Reduction Act, and E-Government Act, and that USDA tried to bypass states by pressuring EBT processors.
Zero-Tolerance for Errors
Some proposals included a "zero-tolerance" policy for payment errors. This was coupled with redefining an error from a specific dollar threshold (e.g., $57) to essentially any error ("$0"). This approach, especially with potential financial penalties for states under cost-sharing, could pressure states into overly cautious administrative practices. Such measures might harm recipients through delays or denials for minor issues, rather than curbing significant fraud, and could disproportionately affect those with limited literacy or documentation difficulties.
The justifications for these proposed SNAP changes consistently revolved around several core themes:
While these rationales emphasize individual responsibility and prudent spending, the focus on work promotion often seemed to overlook structural economic factors. These include low-wage jobs, labor market instability, and lack of benefits like paid leave or affordable childcare in many low-wage positions. If policies like stricter work rules are implemented without improving job quality, wages, or support services, they risk increasing hardship rather than promoting sustained self-sufficiency.
Furthermore, reducing federal spending and promoting self-sufficiency can conflict. If SNAP cuts lead to increased food insecurity, poorer health, and reduced education (especially for children), this could result in higher long-term societal costs (healthcare, social services, lost productivity). Such costs could negate initial federal savings, making "fiscal responsibility" more complex than immediate program expenditures.
Proposed SNAP revisions carried significant potential consequences for participants, state governments, and the broader economy.
A. Effects on SNAP Participants and Households
Analyses, including by the CBO and policy research groups, projected that proposed changes would lead to many losing benefits and an overall reduction in SNAP support.
The multifaceted nature of these proposals—tightening work rules, restricting BBCE, capping TFP benefits, altering SUA deductions—could create complex challenges. A single household might be affected by several policies, potentially pushing struggling families into deeper crisis. SNAP loss, especially for households with children, carries risks for long-term negative impacts on health, education, and future productivity, potentially increasing societal costs over time.
B. Implications for State Governments
The proposed shift towards state cost-sharing for SNAP benefits and increased administrative cost responsibility would profoundly impact state governments.
The proposed cost-sharing model, especially if tied to payment error rates, could disproportionately penalize states with larger, complex caseloads or those serving more vulnerable populations needing intensive case management. This could lead to inequities in program administration and access. Furthermore, increased financial liability and reduced administrative flexibility could severely hamper states' ability to respond to economic shocks, weakening SNAP's role as an economic stabilizer.
C. Broader Economic and Programmatic Effects
Proposed SNAP changes had implications beyond direct participants and state budgets.
Potential degradation of SNAP data quality due to varied state responses to new fiscal and administrative pressures could hinder effective national oversight and research. If states cut corners on data systems or program parameters diverge, understanding national food insecurity trends and program reach could be compromised.
Several Trump administration efforts to change SNAP rules faced legal challenges from states, advocacy groups, and individuals.
ABAWD Work Requirement Rule Lawsuit
In January 2020, a coalition of 19 states, D.C., and New York City sued over a December 2019 USDA rule restricting states' ability to waive ABAWD work requirements. Plaintiffs argued the rule violated the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) as "arbitrary and capricious," unlawfully reversed established policy, and that USDA failed to consider public comments or the rule's impact.
In March 2020, Chief Judge Beryl A. Howell (U.S. District Court, D.C.) issued a nationwide preliminary injunction, blocking the rule. The court emphasized the COVID-19 pandemic, stating the rule would undermine states' ability to address nutritional needs during the crisis. The court found USDA didn't adequately address how the rule would affect states' response to economic shocks. The rule was ultimately vacated in June 2021. This highlighted how crises can expose vulnerabilities of policies reducing safety net flexibility.
SNAP Data Demand Lawsuit (Pallek v. USDA)
In May 2025, a coalition including students, SNAP recipients, MAZON, and EPIC sued USDA over its demand for states and vendors to turn over vast personal data of SNAP recipients. The lawsuit argued this violated the Privacy Act of 1974, Paperwork Reduction Act, and E-Government Act. Plaintiffs contended USDA failed to publish required notices, justify data collection, assess privacy impact, and attempted to bypass states by pressuring EBT processors.
These legal actions, particularly APA arguments, suggest critics believed the administration tried to enact significant policy shifts via rulemaking that didn't fully adhere to legal requirements, potentially bypassing thorough public and congressional scrutiny.
Policy directions and proposals concerning SNAP prominent during the Trump administration have lastingly impacted the national food assistance conversation. Many ideas were in legislative efforts like the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act," showing how SNAP policy can intertwine with broader fiscal, tax, and ideological agendas.
The debate over balancing individual responsibility (via work requirements) and ensuring SNAP's role as a robust safety net, especially during economic uncertainty, remains central. Concerns about state fiscal capacity and potential ramifications of cost-sharing models persist, given many states' reliance on federal funding.
SNAP is a major component of periodic Farm Bill reauthorizations, which will continue as key venues for debating nutrition policy. Many discussed policy proposals had implementation dates into 2025 and beyond, indicating these are ongoing efforts to reshape the program. This persistence suggests a deep ideological divergence on social safety nets, likely fueling future policy debates. Bundling SNAP changes within larger bills (e.g., budget reconciliation) may also continue, potentially reducing focused public scrutiny.
The Trump administration's influence on SNAP policy featured a consistent drive towards stricter work requirements, increased state financial responsibility, and tighter eligibility criteria. This philosophy emphasized self-sufficiency, reduced federal spending, and enhanced program integrity.
However, these proposals sparked significant debate and opposition from advocates, experts, and many state officials. Critics raised serious concerns about potential increases in food insecurity and disproportionate harm to vulnerable groups like children, older adults, and individuals with disabilities. They also worried about eroding SNAP's effectiveness as a safety net and economic stabilizer. Legal challenges successfully halted or delayed some administrative rule changes, highlighting the contentious nature of these reforms.
The policy ideas and debates from this period continue to resonate, shaping the ongoing national dialogue about the future of food assistance in the United States. Fundamental questions about SNAP's role, funding, and benefit conditions remain at the forefront, ensuring the program will likely face further scrutiny and potential reform efforts.
The Trump administration finalized a rule in 2019 to tighten work requirements for SNAP recipients. However, this rule was struck down by a federal court in 2020. The court found the administration's actions to be "arbitrary and capricious," meaning the controversial changes to work requirements never went into effect nationwide.
The most significant proposed rules, which would have cut benefits for millions, were ultimately blocked by courts or never fully implemented. While the administration's goal was to reduce SNAP enrollment and spending, widespread benefit cuts were largely prevented, particularly after legal challenges and the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The "America's Harvest Box" was a proposal in the Trump administration's budget to replace a portion of a household's SNAP benefits with a box of non-perishable, American-grown foods. This idea faced widespread criticism for limiting recipient choice and creating logistical challenges, and it was never implemented into the SNAP program.
A key proposal aimed to end Broad-Based Categorical Eligibility (BBCE), a policy that makes families automatically eligible for free school meals if they receive SNAP. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) estimated this change would have caused nearly one million children to lose automatic access to free or reduced-price school lunches.
No, the most substantial and controversial rule changes proposed for the Trump SNAP benefits program did not become permanent. The strictest work requirement rule was vacated by a federal court, and the proposed elimination of Broad-Based Categorical Eligibility (BBCE) was never finalized, leaving prior regulations in place.
States played a crucial role in challenging the proposed changes. Many states sued the administration to block the new work requirement rule, arguing it stripped them of the flexibility needed to address local economic conditions. This state-level opposition was a primary reason the rule was ultimately stopped in court.
The pandemic significantly shifted the landscape. The economic crisis highlighted the importance of SNAP as a safety net, making benefit cuts politically difficult. A federal judge cited the public health emergency as a key reason for blocking the administration's work requirement rule, stating it was an exceptionally bad time to limit food assistance.
The Trump administration's proposal to severely limit BBCE, which helps low-income families with modest savings qualify for SNAP, was never finalized. After facing significant opposition from anti-hunger advocates and lawmakers who warned it would increase food insecurity and administrative burdens, the controversial proposed rule was ultimately withdrawn.
While not the primary focus, seniors could have been negatively impacted. The proposal to eliminate Broad-Based Categorical Eligibility (BBCE), for instance, would have disqualified some low-income elderly households with modest retirement savings. This change would have removed a critical protection that encourages families to save for emergencies and retirement.
The Biden administration formally withdrew the legal appeals defending the Trump-era work requirement rule, effectively ending the policy. Furthermore, the administration took steps to strengthen SNAP, most notably by re-evaluating and updating the Thrifty Food Plan, which resulted in a significant, permanent increase in maximum benefit amounts for recipients.
The federal poverty guidelines are a critical financial measure issued annually by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). These guidelines establish specific income limits used to determine eligibility for a wide array of federal assistance programs. Distinct from the statistical poverty thresholds, they directly impact access to essential services for millions of Americans. The guidelines provide a baseline for assessing financial need based on household size. Accessing current and accurate information on the 2025 federal poverty guidelines is essential for individuals and families seeking to understand potential eligibility for benefits designed to support basic needs.
Understanding the nature and origin of the federal poverty guidelines is the first step in appreciating their role in the landscape of social assistance programs.
A. What Are Federal Poverty Guidelines?
The federal poverty guidelines (FPGs) serve primarily as an administrative tool. They are not a statistical measure designed to count the number of people in poverty. Their principal function is to determine financial eligibility for a range of federal programs.
FPGs represent a simplified version of the income a person or family is considered to need to meet basic necessities. This distinction is fundamental. While poverty thresholds are used for statistical purposes like tracking poverty rates, the guidelines are practical benchmarks for program administration. Clarifying this difference helps in understanding their direct application to individuals seeking assistance.
B. Issuance and Calculation of the 2025 Guidelines
The Department of Health and Human Services issues the poverty guidelines each year, typically in late January. The guidelines are designated by the calendar year in which they are issued. For instance, the guidelines released in January 2025 are known as the 2025 poverty guidelines.
Calculation Methodology
The calculation of these guidelines follows a specific methodology. The 2025 HHS poverty guidelines are derived by taking the U.S. Census Bureau's 2023 poverty thresholds and adjusting them. This adjustment accounts for price changes that occurred through calendar year 2024, using the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U). Consequently, the 2025 poverty guidelines are approximately equivalent to the Census Bureau's poverty thresholds for calendar year 2024.
Annual Updates and Simplification
This annual issuance and specific calculation method provide a mechanism for the guidelines to respond to inflation. This ensures they reflect, to some extent, current economic conditions. However, the reliance on the previous calendar year's inflation data means there is an inherent lag in capturing the most immediate price changes.
The FPGs are a simplification of the more complex poverty thresholds, a deliberate policy choice to facilitate easier administration across numerous federal programs. This ease of use comes at the cost of the detailed demographic breakdowns found in the poverty thresholds, such as variations by the age of the householder or a more granular count of children.
The following tables present the 2025 federal poverty guidelines as issued by HHS. These figures represent 100% of the poverty level for the respective household sizes and geographic locations. These numbers are pivotal as they form the basis for determining eligibility for many assistance programs.
A. For the 48 Contiguous States and the District of Columbia
The guidelines for the 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia are used for the majority of the U.S. population.
Table 1: 2025 Poverty Guidelines (48 Contiguous States & D.C.)
| Persons in family/household | Poverty guideline |
|---|---|
| 1 | $15,650 |
| 2 | $21,150 |
| 3 | $26,650 |
| 4 | $32,150 |
| 5 | $37,650 |
| 6 | $43,150 |
| 7 | $48,650 |
| 8 | $54,150 |
For families/households with more than 8 persons, add $5,500 for each additional person. This table directly answers the fundamental question of current poverty income levels for most Americans. It allows for immediate comparison with personal income.
B. For Alaska
Due to a higher cost of living, Alaska has separate, higher poverty guidelines.
Table 2: 2025 Poverty Guidelines (Alaska)
| Persons in family/household | Poverty guideline |
|---|---|
| 1 | $19,550 |
| 2 | $26,430 |
| 3 | $33,310 |
| 4 | $40,190 |
| 5 | $47,070 |
| 6 | $53,950 |
| 7 | $60,830 |
| 8 | $67,710 |
For families/households with more than 8 persons, add $6,880 for each additional person. Providing these distinct figures is crucial for Alaskan residents. These ensure the guidelines reflect their unique economic environment.
C. For Hawaii
Similarly, Hawaii has its own set of poverty guidelines to account for its higher cost of living.
Table 3: 2025 Poverty Guidelines (Hawaii)
| Persons in family/household | Poverty guideline |
|---|---|
| 1 | $17,990 |
| 2 | $24,320 |
| 3 | $30,650 |
| 4 | $36,980 |
| 5 | $43,310 |
| 6 | $49,640 |
| 7 | $55,970 |
| 8 | $62,300 |
For families/households with more than 8 persons, add $6,330 for each additional person. These tailored guidelines are essential for residents of Hawaii.
Geographic Specificity and Its Limits
The existence of separate, higher guidelines for Alaska and Hawaii directly acknowledges that the cost of living is not uniform across all U.S. states and territories. This geographic specificity, however, is limited to these two states.
The guidelines for the 48 contiguous states apply a single income standard across diverse economic landscapes. This ranges from high-cost major metropolitan areas to lower-cost rural regions. This means the FPGs may not perfectly align with the actual cost of meeting basic needs in all locations within the contiguous states.
Scaling for Larger Families
The instruction to add a fixed dollar amount for each person beyond an eight-person household implies a linear scaling of need for larger families. This simplification may not precisely capture the economies or diseconomies of scale present in very large households. This linear approach prioritizes administrative simplicity.
D. Understanding Annual, Monthly, and Weekly Figures
While official HHS poverty guidelines are published as annual income figures , many find it useful to convert these to monthly or weekly equivalents. This aids in budgeting and allows for immediate comparison with regular income statements or program eligibility screenings based on monthly income.
For example, the 2025 annual guideline of $15,650 for one person in the 48 contiguous states translates to approximately $1,304 per month ($15,650 / 12). This is also about $301 per week ($15,650 / 52). Such breakdowns offer enhanced usability for navigating eligibility requirements.
The terms "federal poverty guidelines" and "poverty thresholds" are often used in discussions of poverty. However, they are not interchangeable and have important functional differences.
A. Issuing Agencies and Primary Purpose
Understanding the source and main use of each measure is key:
Attributing the correct measure to the correct agency and understanding its primary purpose is fundamental for accurate interpretation.
B. Key Differences in Structure and Application
Several structural and application differences distinguish guidelines from thresholds:
These differences explain why two sets of poverty figures exist and how their utility varies.
C. Timing, Naming Conventions, and Comparability
The timing of release and naming conventions can also cause confusion:
The Dual System of Poverty Measurement
The dual system—administrative FPGs from HHS and statistical thresholds from the Census Bureau—reflects a fundamental aspect of public administration and statistical tracking. There's tension between needing a simple tool for program eligibility and a nuanced measure for understanding poverty.
FPGs are simplified for easy application by diverse programs. Thresholds maintain complexity for greater statistical accuracy. This duality means program eligibility based on FPGs might not perfectly align with who is statistically defined as "poor" by the thresholds.
Table 5: Key Differences: Federal Poverty Guidelines vs. Poverty Thresholds
| Feature | Federal Poverty Guidelines (FPG) | Poverty Thresholds (Official Poverty Measure - OPM) |
|---|---|---|
| Issuing Agency | Dept. of Health and Human Services (HHS) | U.S. Census Bureau |
| Primary Use | Administrative: Determine eligibility for federal programs | Statistical: Estimate poverty population, research |
| Geographic Variation | Separate for 48 contiguous states/D.C., Alaska, Hawaii | Uniform across all 50 states and D.C. |
| Key Variables Considered | Family size | Family size, number of children, age of householder (for 1-2 person units) |
| Annual Release Timing | Late January of the year they are named (e.g., 2025 FPG in Jan 2025) | Usually September of the year after the year measured (e.g., 2024 thresholds in Sept 2025) |
| Basis for Figures | Prior year's Census thresholds adjusted for inflation | Cost of minimum food diet (from 1960s) x3, updated for inflation |
This table provides a concise side-by-side comparison, directly addressing a common area of confusion.
A critical aspect of the federal poverty guidelines is their application in determining eligibility for numerous federal assistance programs. Many programs do not use the 100% FPG figure directly. Instead, they employ a percentage multiple of the guidelines—such as 125%, 138%, 185%, or even 400% of the FPG—to establish their income eligibility limits.
It is imperative to consult the specific agency administering a particular program for its precise eligibility criteria. These often include factors beyond income, such as asset limits, residency, citizenship status, or other categorical requirements.
FPGs as a Flexible Baseline
The widespread use of these percentage multiples demonstrates that FPGs function as a flexible baseline rather than a rigid, singular cutoff. This approach allows policymakers to target varying levels of need or to encourage participation in specific programs. For example, Affordable Care Act subsidies extend to incomes up to 400% of the FPL.
This flexibility can also lead to "benefit cliffs," where a small income increase might result in a disproportionate loss of benefits. This complexity also means individuals may find it challenging to understand their overall eligibility landscape.
A. Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
Medicaid and CHIP eligibility for many demographic groups is closely tied to the Federal Poverty Level (FPL), which is the same as the FPG for the relevant year.
Table 6: Illustrative Medicaid & CHIP Eligibility Thresholds (Common % FPL Examples for 2025 using a Family of Three with a base 100% FPL of $26,650)
| Eligibility Group | Typical % FPL Range (Contiguous US) | Example 2025 Annual Income (Family of 3) |
|---|---|---|
| ACA Adults (Medicaid Expansion States) | 138% | $36,777 |
| Children (Medicaid/CHIP - varies widely) | 133% - 300%+ | $35,445 - $79,950+ |
| Pregnant Women (varies widely by state) | 138% - 213%+ | $36,777 - $56,765+ |
Note: These are illustrative examples. Actual FPL percentages and corresponding income limits vary by state and specific eligibility group. Consult state Medicaid agencies for precise figures.
This table provides concrete examples of how FPL percentages translate into actual income limits for key Medicaid populations.
B. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
SNAP, formerly the Food Stamp Program, utilizes FPL percentages in its financial eligibility tests.
C. Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)
LIHEAP assists eligible low-income households with home energy bills, weatherization, and energy-related home repairs.
D. Other Significant Programs Utilizing Poverty Guidelines
Several other federal programs use poverty guidelines for eligibility:
Program Interconnections and State Variations
Some major means-tested programs, like Supplemental Security Income (SSI), do not use FPGs, relying on their own criteria. However, SSI receipt can lead to categorical eligibility for programs like SNAP or Medicaid.
Categorical eligibility—where participation in one program grants eligibility for another—aims to streamline access. Its effectiveness depends on the accessibility of "gateway" programs.
State-level policy choices, such as Medicaid expansion or BBCE for SNAP, significantly impact program reach. While FPGs provide a federal framework, states often have considerable discretion, meaning access can vary by residence.
When using federal poverty guidelines, defining "income" and "household size" is fundamental. These can vary by program.
A. What Counts as "Income"?
For many federal programs, "income" generally refers to gross income before taxes. However, the precise definition can differ. Medicaid and CHIP often use Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI), with specific rules aligned with the federal tax code.
Some programs may disregard certain income types or amounts. For instance, Medicaid calculations sometimes include a 5% income disregard of the FPL. It is crucial to consult each program's specific rules.
The Shift to MAGI
The shift towards MAGI for many Medicaid and CHIP populations aimed to standardize income determination. However, certain groups (e.g., those eligible based on age, blindness, or disability) are exempt from MAGI, using SSI-based methodologies instead. This means a dual system of income counting persists.
B. Defining "Household Size"
Correctly determining household size is vital as poverty guidelines scale accordingly. Generally, it includes all individuals in the home considered part of the applicant's family unit, often aligning with a tax return.
However, specific programs may have nuanced definitions. For SNAP, a "household" is typically individuals living together who purchase and prepare meals together, regardless of legal relationship. This means unrelated individuals sharing food costs could be one SNAP household.
Variations in Household Definitions
The varying definitions of "household" (e.g., tax-filing unit vs. meal-preparation unit ) can lead to different household sizes for the same individuals under different programs. This significantly impacts eligibility and underscores the need to understand each program's specific definition.
C. The Imperative of Program-Specific Verification
While federal poverty guidelines provide a national income baseline, actual eligibility depends on a program's unique rules. These extend beyond income and household size to asset limits, residency, citizenship, and other criteria.
The FPGs are only one piece of the eligibility puzzle. It is always essential to verify all requirements directly with the agency administering the program.
The federal poverty guidelines derive from official poverty thresholds, which have a specific historical origin.
A. Mollie Orshansky and the Original Poverty Thresholds
The foundation of the current U.S. official poverty measure was laid in the mid-1960s by Mollie Orshansky, an economist at the Social Security Administration. Her work was influenced by President Lyndon B. Johnson's "War on Poverty," which created a need to quantify poverty.
Orshansky's methodology was based on the cost of the USDA's "economy food plan," a minimally adequate diet. Based on a 1955 USDA survey indicating families spent about one-third of their after-tax income on food, Orshansky multiplied the food plan's cost by three to arrive at poverty thresholds.
The "Food Cost Times Three" Methodology
The original "cost of economy food plan times three" methodology, based on 1955 consumption patterns, is a critical detail. Since then, family consumption patterns have changed; food is a smaller budget share, while housing, healthcare, and childcare costs have risen disproportionately. Because FPGs are updated versions of these thresholds, they carry forward this potentially outdated assumption.
B. Establishment as an Official Measure
The poverty thresholds developed by Orshansky became the basis for the official U.S. poverty measure. This was formalized by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) via Statistical Policy Directive 14.
Importantly, the directive stated this statistical measure was not for administrative program eligibility. This allowed for simpler measures, like HHS poverty guidelines, for administrative functions.
Separation of Statistical and Administrative Measures
OMB's separation of statistical (thresholds) and administrative (guidelines) measures was pragmatic. It acknowledged that a complex statistical measure might be too cumbersome for practical program administration. This decision has shaped how poverty is measured and addressed in the U.S.
While federal poverty guidelines serve a vital administrative function, the broader subject of poverty definition and measurement involves ongoing discussion. These often center on the official poverty measure (Census Bureau thresholds) from which HHS guidelines are derived.
A. Treatment of Non-Cash Benefits and Taxes
A significant contention is how income and resources are defined. The official poverty measure (OPM) uses pre-tax cash income and excludes non-cash benefits (like SNAP, housing aid, Medicaid) and taxes paid.
Some argue excluding non-cash benefits understates resources and overstates poverty. Others counter that benefits like Medicaid don't cover other essentials. The Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM), a research measure, includes many non-cash benefits and subtracts necessary expenses like taxes and medical out-of-pocket spending.
B. Geographic Variations in Cost of Living
Federal poverty guidelines account for higher costs in Alaska and Hawaii with separate thresholds. However, within the 48 contiguous states and D.C., FPGs are uniform, not adjusting for significant local cost-of-living differences (e.g., between high-cost urban centers and low-cost rural areas).
Critics argue this lack of differentiation means guidelines may not accurately reflect the income needed to avoid poverty locally. The SPM also attempts to address this by adjusting for geographic differences in housing costs.
C. Adequacy of the Poverty Line (Updating Standards vs. Prices)
Poverty thresholds are updated annually for inflation using the CPI-U. However, the underlying standard—the 1960s-era economy food plan multiplied by three—hasn't been fundamentally updated to reflect changes in living standards or consumption patterns.
Many argue the poverty line is too low. The original food plan basis is seen as outdated, as food is now a smaller budget share, while other costs like housing and healthcare have risen significantly. This sparks debate between an "absolute" measure (updated for price changes) versus a "relative" measure (adjusting based on median income or societal living standards).
D. Focus on Income vs. Assets or Other Hardships
U.S. poverty measures primarily focus on income flow, generally not accounting for assets (like savings) or debts. A family could have low income but assets, or income above poverty but high debt.
These income-based measures don't directly capture non-economic hardships (poor health, inadequate housing) or the full resources needed for self-sufficiency. Income alone may not provide a complete picture of economic well-being.
Understanding the Limitations
It's important to reiterate these criticisms relate mainly to the statistical measurement of poverty (OPM/thresholds). Federal poverty guidelines, derived from this system, are intentionally designed for administrative simplicity and consistency.
The ongoing debate and alternative measures like the SPM indicate no single, universally accepted way to define poverty. The FPGs are a functional, administrative tool within this complex landscape.
Absolute vs. Relative Poverty
Criticisms often highlight tension between measuring poverty by a fixed historical standard versus one evolving with societal standards. The OPM is an absolute measure. Critics often argue for incorporating elements of a relative measure. The FPGs are tied to the absolute measurement tradition.
For the most current, detailed, and official information regarding federal poverty guidelines, the primary source is the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), specifically the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE).
For official data on poverty thresholds (the statistical measure), the U.S. Census Bureau is the authority:
To determine eligibility for specific federal assistance programs, contact the relevant agency:
Navigating Decentralized Information
Providing direct links to these authoritative sources empowers individuals. However, the decentralized nature of poverty-related information—HHS for FPGs, Census for thresholds, USDA for SNAP—means there isn't one single government portal. Different agencies have distinct mandates.
This distribution can make it challenging for individuals to get a holistic view. Resources that synthesize this information and direct users to appropriate official sources are valuable.
The federal poverty guidelines are updated annually by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). These updates are typically issued in January and account for the previous year's changes in the Consumer Price Index, ensuring the guidelines reflect inflation.
Yes, it's possible. Many assistance programs are allowed to set their eligibility limits at a percentage above the base federal poverty guidelines, such as 138% or 200%. This means your income could be above the 100% line and still qualify you for specific benefits like Medicaid or subsidies.
The guidelines themselves are a measure of annual income and do not include assets. However, specific federal programs like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) may have separate resource tests that limit the amount of assets (like cash in a bank account) you can have to be eligible.
No, the official HHS poverty guidelines table is the same for all age groups. However, many programs that serve older adults, such as some Medicaid pathways and the Medicare Savings Programs, may use different income-counting rules or higher eligibility thresholds for individuals aged 65 and over.
For the purpose of applying the federal poverty guidelines, "household size" includes all people who live together and are related by birth, marriage, or adoption. Some programs may use a broader definition that includes all people who live and purchase and prepare meals together, regardless of their legal relationship.
Eligibility for most programs is based on your current annual income. If your income is irregular, caseworkers will typically calculate your projected income for the year based on your recent earnings. It's important to provide documentation for your income fluctuations when applying for benefits.
The guidelines themselves do not factor in expenses like childcare or out-of-pocket medical costs. However, some specific programs allow you to deduct these and other necessary expenses from your gross income when determining your eligibility, which can help you qualify even if your initial income is too high.
The poverty guidelines are a key factor in determining eligibility for federal student aid. Your family's income relative to the FPL helps determine your eligibility for need-based aid like the Pell Grant and is also used to calculate monthly payments for income-driven student loan repayment plans.
While the main FPL table is the same, many programs designed for people with disabilities have special provisions. For example, disability-based income like SSDI may be counted differently, and some Medicaid eligibility pathways for those with disabilities use higher income and resource limits than standard programs.
The official federal poverty guidelines are issued by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and published in the Federal Register. The most current and historical data can be found on the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) website at aspe.hhs.gov.