For homeowners facing financial hardship, finding a reliable South Dakota mortgage relief program is a critical step toward securing housing stability. The primary resource for emergency mortgage support is the SD Cares Housing Assistance Program, a state-administered initiative designed to help those impacted by economic challenges.

However, this is just one piece of a larger network of support. True relief often involves a combination of programs, including long-term cost reduction through property tax exemptions and specialized federal aid for rural residents. Navigating these options can be overwhelming, but understanding the distinct purpose of each program is the key to identifying the right solution for your specific situation.

The landscape of homeowner assistance in South Dakota is not a single, one-size-fits-all program. Instead, it is a collection of targeted solutions administered by different state and federal agencies. Eligibility is often segmented based on specific criteria such as the root cause of the financial hardship, the homeowner's personal circumstances, and even the geographic location of the property. 

This approach ensures that aid is directed where it is most needed, but it also requires homeowners to carefully assess which pathway aligns with their needs. The following sections provide a clear and detailed breakdown of each major assistance program available to South Dakota homeowners.

SD Cares Housing Assistance: Direct Emergency Mortgage Support

The SD Cares Housing Assistance Program represents South Dakota's implementation of the federal Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF), a nationwide effort to prevent mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures. Administered by the South Dakota Housing Development Authority (SDHDA), this program is the state's most direct form of emergency mortgage relief for those who have faced economic setbacks. While related rental assistance programs may have concluded, the homeowner portion of SD Cares remains a distinct and vital resource.

A Loan, Not a Grant: Understanding the Assistance

One of the most critical details for applicants to understand is the structure of the mortgage assistance. For mortgage-related costs, the aid is provided as a one-time reinstatement loan, not a grant that can be forgiven. This means the funds must eventually be repaid.

The program offers up to $25,000 in the form of a zero-interest, deferred-payment loan. This structure has significant long-term implications:

• Zero-Interest: No interest accrues on the loan, so the amount owed will not increase over time.  
• Deferred Payment: No monthly payments are required. The loan only becomes due when the homeowner sells the property, transfers ownership, or refinances their primary mortgage.

This creates a lien on the property. While it provides immediate relief, homeowners must account for this repayment when making future financial plans. In contrast, any assistance received for utility bills through the program is structured as a grant and does not need to be paid back.

What Costs Are Covered?

The SD Cares program is designed to cover a range of housing-related expenses to bring a homeowner's accounts current. Eligible costs include:

• Overdue mortgage payments (principal and interest).
• Delinquent property taxes and homeowners' insurance premiums.
• Late fees associated with mortgage payments.
• Past-due utility bills, including water, sewer, electricity, natural gas, and trash services.

Eligibility Requirements: A Detailed Checklist

To qualify for assistance from the SD Cares Housing Assistance Program, homeowners must meet a specific set of criteria established by the U.S. Treasury and SDHDA.

• Residency and Occupancy: The applicant must be a South Dakota resident who owns and occupies the property as their primary residence.
• COVID-Related Financial Hardship: The household must have experienced a significant financial hardship after January 21, 2020. This must be directly or indirectly attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic.
• Income Limits: The total household income must not exceed 150% of the Area Median Income (AMI). These limits vary by county and household size, so applicants must consult the official Homeowner Income Guidelines provided by SDHDA.
• Risk of Housing Instability: The applicant must be able to demonstrate an imminent risk of losing their home, typically through a past-due mortgage statement or a utility shut-off notice.

The Application Process: A Step-by-Step Guide

Navigating the application requires careful preparation. Following these steps can help ensure a smooth process.

1. Contact Your Mortgage Servicer First: Before applying for SD Cares, homeowners are required to contact their mortgage lender or servicer to explore alternative solutions like forbearance or loan modifications. Documenting these communications is essential for the application.
2. Gather Required Documentation: A complete application requires extensive documentation to verify identity, income, and hardship. Applicants should gather the following items:

• Proof of Identification (Driver's license, state ID, tribal ID, or passport).
• Income Documents (Pay stubs, tax returns, or benefit statements for all adult household members).
• Proof of Hardship (Layoff notices or records showing a decrease in income).
• Housing Expense Documents (Past-due mortgage statements, property tax bills, and utility bills).

3. Complete the Online Application: The official application must be completed online through the (https://sdcareshousingassistance.communityos.org/). The portal is mobile-friendly and guides applicants through each section.

4. Monitor Your Application Dashboard: After submitting, applicants will receive an email from no-reply@communityos.org with a unique link to their personal application dashboard. All required documents must be uploaded through this portal for the application to be considered complete.

Reducing Housing Costs Through Property Tax Relief

Beyond emergency aid, South Dakota offers several long-term programs designed to reduce the ongoing financial burden of homeownership, particularly for those on fixed incomes. Because property taxes are often paid through a mortgage escrow account, a reduction in taxes can directly lower a homeowner's monthly payment. This makes these programs a powerful, proactive tool for maintaining mortgage affordability.

The state offers a variety of programs, each tailored to a specific demographic. The table below provides a quick comparison to help homeowners identify which option may be the best fit.

Detailed Program Breakdowns

Sales & Property Tax Refund for Senior & Disabled Citizens

This program provides a direct refund of sales or property taxes to eligible individuals. To qualify, applicants must be at least 65 years old or meet the Social Security definition of disabled, have been a South Dakota resident for the entire previous year, and meet strict income limits. Applications are accepted by the Department of Revenue between May 1 and July 1 each year.

Assessment Freeze for the Elderly & Disabled

This program offers protection against rising property taxes by freezing the assessed value of a qualifying home. It does not lower current taxes but prevents them from increasing due to rising property values. Eligibility requires being 65 or older or disabled, owning the home, and residing in it for at least 200 days of the previous year. Applications must be submitted to the local county treasurer by April 1.

Property Tax Homestead Exemption

For seniors aged 70 or older, this program allows for the deferment of property tax payments until the home is sold. The deferred taxes accrue as a lien on the property and must be paid with interest before the title can be transferred. Individuals who qualify for this program are not eligible for the Sales and Property Tax Refund. Applications are due to the county treasurer by April 1.

Programs for Veterans

South Dakota provides substantial property tax relief for disabled veterans.

• Disabled Veteran Property Tax Exemption: This program exempts up to $200,000 of a home's assessed value for veterans who are rated as permanently and totally disabled due to a service-connected disability, or for their un-remarried surviving spouses.
• Paraplegic Veteran Property Tax Exemption: This program provides a full exemption from all property taxes for veterans who are paraplegic or have lost the use of both lower extremities, provided the home is specially adapted for wheelchair use.

For both veteran programs, applications must be submitted to the local county assessor by November 1.

Federal and State Support for Rural and Low-Income Homeowners

For homeowners in rural communities or those with very low incomes, several federal and state-partnered programs offer a crucial safety net. These initiatives focus on both preserving existing homes and promoting sustainable homeownership.

USDA Section 504 Home Repair Program

Often, a mortgage default is triggered by an unexpected and catastrophic home repair bill. The USDA's Section 504 Home Repair program directly addresses this challenge, making it a vital foreclosure prevention tool. The program provides:

• Loans: Up to $40,000 at a 1% fixed interest rate for very-low-income homeowners to repair, improve, or modernize their homes.
• Grants: Up to $10,000 for elderly (age 62 or older) very-low-income homeowners to remove health and safety hazards.

By financing these critical repairs, the program removes the immediate financial shock that could otherwise lead to default. Applications are accepted year-round at local USDA Rural Development offices. 

USDA Section 502 Direct Loan Program

Also known as the Section 502 Direct Loan Program, this initiative helps low- and very-low-income households purchase safe and sanitary housing in eligible rural areas. Key features include:

• No down payment is typically required.
• Interest rates can be subsidized to as low as 1% through payment assistance.
• Loan terms can extend up to 33 or 38 years to ensure affordable monthly payments.

This program provides a pathway to sustainable homeownership for families who cannot obtain credit elsewhere.

GROW South Dakota Homeownership Programs

GROW South Dakota is a statewide non-profit organization and a crucial partner in delivering housing solutions. As a HUD-approved housing counseling agency, it provides invaluable education and one-on-one guidance for homeowners. Furthermore, GROW South Dakota offers its own direct loan program and serves as a loan packager for the USDA 502 Direct Loan program, making it an essential access point for residents.

Essential Contacts and Official Resources for Assistance

Navigating financial hardship and complex assistance programs can be daunting, but South Dakota homeowners do not have to do it alone. The following organizations provide free, expert guidance and are the official administrators of the programs discussed.

• Helpline Center (2-1-1): The primary statewide resource for questions about the SD Cares program and for assistance with completing an application. They can be reached by dialing 2-1-1.
• South Dakota Housing Development Authority (SDHDA): The state agency responsible for administering the SD Cares program. Their official website is www.sdhda.org.
• HUD-Approved Housing Counseling Agencies: These nonprofits offer free, confidential advice on foreclosure prevention. A list of local agencies can be found using the (https://hudgov-answers.force.com/housingcounseling/s/).
• GROW South Dakota: A key resource for rural homeowners and those seeking USDA loan assistance. Contact information is available at www.growsd.org.
• South Dakota Department of Revenue: The official source for all property tax relief programs. Details can be found at dor.sd.gov.

Finally, homeowners should be extremely cautious of unsolicited offers for mortgage relief. Scammers often target those in financial distress. Official programs like SD Cares are always free to apply for, and any request for a fee to access these services is a scam.

Frequently Asked Questions

Facing the loss of housing is an overwhelming and stressful experience, but immediate help is available. Securing emergency funding for homeless individuals and families involves connecting with a network of local and national programs designed to provide financial aid, housing assistance, and a path back to stability.

The system of support can seem complex, but it is navigable. The process begins with urgent steps for safety and shelter, followed by accessing specific government and non-profit financial resources. These programs provide a critical lifeline, offering everything from a safe place to sleep tonight to the funds needed to prevent an eviction or secure a new home.

Immediate Steps for Housing and Safety: What to Do Right Now

When facing an imminent housing crisis, the priority is securing immediate safety and shelter. A coordinated system of national hotlines and local access points exists to provide urgent assistance. The first action should always be to connect with these frontline resources, which serve as the entry point to a wider network of support.

Your First Call for Help: Connecting with 2-1-1

The most crucial first step for anyone in the U.S. experiencing a housing crisis is to dial 2-1-1. This free, confidential, 24/7 hotline is operated by United Way and other partners, connecting callers with trained specialists who can provide referrals to a comprehensive network of local social services. For individuals and families facing homelessness, 2-1-1 is the primary starting point for finding help with housing expenses, emergency shelters, food programs, and healthcare.

Specialists can direct callers to specific local agencies that offer:

• Emergency shelter placement.
• Motel voucher programs.
• Rent and mortgage assistance to prevent eviction.
• Help with utility bills.

To make the call as effective as possible, individuals should be prepared to provide basic information about their current living situation, any sources of income, and the number of people in their household, including children or other dependents. This information allows the specialist to quickly identify the most appropriate resources.

Finding an Emergency Shelter

Emergency shelters provide a fundamental service: a safe, temporary place to stay. These facilities offer immediate refuge from the elements and an environment secure from the dangers of living on the street. Beyond a bed, most shelters provide essential services such as meals, showers, and access to basic hygiene products.

There are several reliable methods for locating a nearby emergency shelter:

• Call 2-1-1: This remains the most direct way to get a referral to an available local shelter.
• Use HUD Resources: The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) maintains a "Find Homeless Assistance" portal on its HUD Exchange website, which lists local service providers by area.
• Contact Non-Profits: National organizations like The Salvation Army operate extensive networks of local shelters. Individuals can contact them directly to inquire about bed availability.
• Use Disaster Response Tools: In presidentially declared disaster areas, FEMA provides a text service to locate open shelters. Texting SHELTER and a zip code to 43362 (4FEMA) will return a list of nearby options.

The "Front Door" to Local Services: Your Community's Coordinated Entry System

The system of homeless services in the United States is intentionally localized. Each community or region operates under a framework called a Continuum of Care (CoC), which is a local planning body that coordinates services and funding from HUD.

Individuals access the resources managed by the CoC through a process known as a Coordinated Entry System (CES). This system functions as the official "front door" to the homeless response network.

The purpose of CES is to streamline access to help, assess the needs of individuals and families, and match them with the most appropriate housing intervention available. The first step to engaging with the Coordinated Entry System is often made by calling 2-1-1 or visiting a designated community access point, such as a homeless service provider or a drop-in center.

Specialized Hotlines for Urgent and Specific Situations

For certain vulnerable populations, specialized national hotlines provide immediate, targeted support and a direct connection to resources tailored to their unique circumstances.

• Domestic Violence: Individuals fleeing domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking can call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1-800-799-SAFE (7233) or text "START" to 88788. This service provides 24/7 confidential support, crisis intervention, safety planning, and referrals to local shelters and programs.
• Youth: The National Runaway Safeline at 1-800-RUNAWAY (1-800-786-2929) is a critical resource for youth and young adults who have run away or are experiencing homelessness. The hotline offers confidential support and can connect young people with emergency shelters, counseling, and its "Home Free" program, which can provide a free bus ticket home or to an alternative safe living arrangement.
• Veterans: The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) operates the National Call Center for Homeless Veterans at 1-877-4AID-VET (1-877-424-3838). This 24/7 hotline is staffed by trained counselors who can provide immediate assistance and connect veterans with VA housing programs like HUD-VASH and other essential services.
• Mental Health Crisis: Anyone experiencing a mental health crisis or severe emotional distress can call or text the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. This service provides immediate, confidential support from trained crisis counselors.

Government Housing and Financial Assistance Programs

Government assistance for homelessness operates on a "top-down funding, bottom-up access" model. Federal agencies, primarily the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), provide large-scale funding to state and local entities. Individuals and families in need then access this help through local-level programs and service providers.

How Federal Funding Reaches Individuals: Understanding the System

Direct financial aid for homelessness from the federal government is channeled through key grant programs. Individuals do not apply for these federal grants directly but instead receive assistance from the local organizations that are awarded the funds.

Emergency Solutions Grants (ESG) Program

This is a primary federal grant administered by HUD. ESG funds are distributed to states, large cities, urban counties, and non-profit organizations. These entities then use the money to support a range of activities, including:

• Street Outreach: Engaging with unsheltered individuals to connect them with services.
• Emergency Shelter: Funding the operational costs and essential services of local shelters.
• Homelessness Prevention: Providing short-term financial assistance for rent or utilities to prevent families from being evicted.
• Rapid Re-Housing: Offering financial aid and services to help people move quickly out of homelessness and into permanent housing.

Continuum of Care (CoC) Program

The CoC program is HUD's largest competitive grant program for homeless services. It funds non-profits, states, and local governments to provide a "continuum" of housing options and supportive services. Individuals access CoC-funded projects through their local Coordinated Entry System. These projects include permanent supportive housing for people with disabilities, transitional housing, and rapid re-housing assistance.

Emergency Housing Vouchers (EHV)

The Emergency Housing Voucher (EHV) program was created to provide housing assistance to specific vulnerable populations. These vouchers help pay for rent in the private market.

Who is Eligible?

The program is specifically for individuals and families who are:

• Currently experiencing homelessness.
• At risk of homelessness.
• Fleeing or attempting to flee domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, stalking, or human trafficking.
• Recently homeless and for whom rental assistance will prevent a return to homelessness.

How to Apply

Individuals cannot apply for an EHV directly at their local Public Housing Authority (PHA). Instead, PHAs can only issue an EHV to households that have been referred to them by the local Continuum of Care's (CoC) Coordinated Entry System. This means the only way to be considered for an EHV is to first connect with the local homeless service system by calling 2-1-1.

State and County Homeless Assistance Programs (HAP)

Many states and counties operate their own homeless assistance programs to provide more immediate or flexible aid. These programs are often the most direct source of emergency financial assistance.

For example, Pennsylvania's Homeless Assistance Program (HAP) is administered at the county level and provides a range of direct services. These can include:

• Rental and Utility Assistance: Direct payments to landlords or utility companies.
• Emergency Shelter: Short stays at a hotel or motel when shelter beds are unavailable.
• Bridge Housing: Transitional housing for up to 18 months while working toward permanent housing.
• Case Management: Supportive services to help address the root causes of housing instability.

To find these resources, individuals should contact their local County Department of Social Services or search online for "Homeless Assistance Program" or "emergency rental assistance."

Homelessness Prevention: Emergency Rental and Utility Aid

For households on the brink of homelessness, prevention programs offer a crucial financial lifeline. These programs provide a one-time cash payment to resolve the immediate crisis and maintain housing stability.

• State-Level Programs: Many states have dedicated funds for this purpose. For instance, Massachusetts' Residential Assistance for Families in Transition (RAFT) program can provide eligible households with up to $7,000 in a 12-month period for back rent, utilities, or moving costs.
• TANF Emergency Assistance: The federal Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant allows states to create emergency assistance programs. For example, North Carolina's "Work First" program can provide a one-time payment to help families in a financial emergency. California's CalWORKs Homeless Assistance (HA) program offers similar aid for temporary shelter and move-in costs.

Eligibility for these prevention programs is typically tied to specific criteria, such as having minor children and meeting low-income guidelines. Applications are made at the local county social services office.

Key National Non-Profit and Charitable Resources

Beyond government programs, several national non-profit and faith-based organizations have an extensive, on-the-ground presence. While these organizations have a national brand, their services are delivered through local chapters, and aid availability is determined at the community level.

The Salvation Army: A Nationwide Network of Support

The Salvation Army is one of the largest social service providers in the country, with comprehensive support for people experiencing homelessness. Their services are accessible in thousands of communities.

• Housing: The organization operates a vast network of emergency shelters, transitional living centers, and family shelters, providing over 8 million nights of lodging annually.
• Financial Assistance: In some locations, The Salvation Army may provide direct financial assistance for emergency overnight housing or help with rent and utility payments.
• Supportive Services: Programs often include case management, job skills training, and substance abuse counseling to help individuals achieve long-term stability.

To access help, individuals should use the location finder on The Salvation Army's national website or call the national hotline at 1-800-SAL-ARMY.

Catholic Charities: Localized Emergency and Stability Services

Catholic Charities operates through a network of local agencies across the country, providing social services tailored to community needs. Housing assistance and homelessness prevention are core components of their mission.

• Emergency Financial Assistance: Many local agencies offer small grants to help households pay for overdue rent, utility bills, or other basic needs.
• Shelter and Housing Programs: Depending on the location, services may include emergency shelters, transitional housing, and permanent supportive housing programs.
• Comprehensive Support: They pair housing assistance with case management and referrals to help clients work toward self-sufficiency.

Because services are delivered locally, the first step is to find and contact the nearest Catholic Charities agency to learn about available programs.

United Way and the Emergency Food and Shelter Program (EFSP)

United Way plays a dual role as a primary operator of the 2-1-1 hotline and as a key partner in the Emergency Food and Shelter Program (EFSP).

The EFSP is a federal program administered by a National Board chaired by FEMA. The program allocates federal funds to local jurisdictions to supplement the work of social service agencies.

Local organizations that receive EFSP funding can use it to provide direct emergency aid, including:

• Served meals and groceries.
• Lodging in a mass shelter or hotel/motel.
• Rent or mortgage payments for up to 90 days.
• Utility bill payments for up to 90 days.

Individuals seeking assistance must apply directly to the local organizations in their community that have been awarded EFSP funds. The most effective way to identify these local providers is by calling 2-1-1.

Specialized Support for Specific Needs

The homeless response system is a collection of specialized subsystems designed to meet the unique needs of different populations. Accessing the most effective assistance requires connecting with the correct specialized system for veterans, youth, families, or individuals with disabilities.

Dedicated Housing Assistance for Veterans

Several federal programs are dedicated exclusively to helping veterans and their families. Access to these programs is almost always initiated through the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).

HUD-VA Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) Program

This is the cornerstone program for homeless veterans. It combines a HUD Housing Choice Voucher with comprehensive case management and clinical services from the VA.

• Eligibility: A veteran must be eligible for VA healthcare, be experiencing homelessness, and have a clinical need for case management services.
• Application Process: Veterans cannot apply at a local housing authority. The process begins by contacting the homeless program at a local VA Medical Center or calling the National Call Center for Homeless Veterans at 1-877-4AID-VET.

Supportive Services for Veteran Families (SSVF) Program

The SSVF program is a VA-funded grant program focused on homelessness prevention and rapid re-housing for low-income veteran families.

• Services Provided: SSVF providers offer case management and temporary financial assistance for rent, utilities, security deposits, and moving costs.
• Application Process: To access SSVF services, veterans should call the National Call Center for Homeless Veterans for a direct referral to the local SSVF grantee in their area.

Critical Resources for Homeless Youth and Young Adults

A distinct set of resources exists for youth (under 18) and young adults (typically ages 18-24) who are unstably housed. These programs address the specific challenges young people face.

Federal Runaway and Homeless Youth (RHY) Programs

The federal government funds a variety of youth-focused programs operated by local community agencies. The main program types include:

• Basic Center Program (BCP): Provides up to 21 days of emergency shelter and services for youth under 18.
• Transitional Living Program (TLP): Offers longer-term residential services for up to 21 months for youth ages 16 to 22.
• Street Outreach Program (SOP): Funds teams that engage with youth on the streets to connect them with shelter and services.

Finding Local Youth Services

The primary entry point for these services is the National Runaway Safeline (1-800-RUNAWAY). This hotline provides 24/7 crisis support and can refer youth to local shelters and outreach programs. Many non-profits, including The Salvation Army, also operate shelters specifically for homeless youth.

Support Systems for Families with Children

Many assistance programs give priority to households with minor children, recognizing the impact of homelessness on child well-being.

• Emergency Assistance (EA) for Families: Some states, like Massachusetts, operate dedicated emergency shelter systems for families. Eligibility requires having a child under 21, meeting very low-income limits, and being homeless for a qualifying reason.
• TANF and CalWORKs: Federal TANF funds are often used by states to provide emergency cash assistance to families with children. California's CalWORKs Homeless Assistance (HA) program is a prime example, offering funds for temporary shelter and move-in costs.
• Family-Focused Non-Profits: Organizations like Family Promise specialize in serving homeless families, with a model that utilizes community spaces and volunteers to provide shelter, meals, and case management.

Financial and Housing Aid for Individuals with Disabilities

Individuals with disabilities face additional barriers to housing and are a priority population for many assistance programs.

• Permanent Supportive Housing (PSH): This is the primary housing model for individuals with disabilities experiencing chronic homelessness. Funded through HUD's CoC Program, PSH combines long-term rental assistance with voluntary supportive services. Access is gained through the local Coordinated Entry System.
• State-Level Advocacy and Housing Programs: States often have programs to assist this population. California's Housing and Disability Advocacy Program (HDAP) helps homeless individuals with disabilities apply for federal disability benefits while also offering housing assistance.
• Specialized Vouchers and Housing: Some rental voucher programs are set aside for people with disabilities, such as the Alternative Housing Voucher Program (AHVP) in Massachusetts. Local housing authorities often have units specifically designated as accessible.

Navigating the System: Overcoming Common Barriers

Accessing emergency funding often depends on navigating administrative hurdles. Lacking identification, having a criminal record, or not having a phone can feel like insurmountable barriers. However, resources exist to help individuals overcome these challenges.

How to Get Assistance Without a Photo ID or Birth Certificate

Many programs require proof of identity. Service providers are equipped to help individuals recover lost documents.

1. Connect with a Homeless Service Provider: Staff at local shelters, drop-in centers, or county human services offices can assist with document recovery and often provide necessary forms and fee waivers.
2. Obtain a Fee-Waived Birth Certificate: Many states allow individuals experiencing homelessness to obtain a certified copy of their birth certificate for free with verification from a service provider.
3. Apply for a Free or Reduced-Fee State ID Card: With a birth certificate, you can apply for a state ID. States like California, Pennsylvania, and Minnesota have programs that waive the fee for homeless individuals. This typically requires a fee waiver form from a service provider and proof of residency, which can be a letter from a shelter.

In some cases, a housing program may temporarily accept receipts showing that replacement documents have been ordered.

Applying for Housing with a Criminal Record: Know Your Rights

A criminal record can be a significant barrier to housing, but legal protections and specific programs exist to mitigate this challenge.

Federal Guidance and Local Laws

While a criminal record is not a protected class under the Fair Housing Act, HUD has issued guidance against blanket policies that refuse to rent to anyone with a criminal record. Some cities and states have also enacted "Fair Chance Housing" laws that require landlords to conduct an individualized assessment.

Actionable Advice for Applicants

Individuals with a criminal record can take proactive steps to improve their chances of being approved for housing:

• Know Your Record: Run a background check on yourself.
• Disclose and Explain: Be upfront about the record and provide context, emphasizing rehabilitation.
• Gather References: Provide letters of recommendation from parole officers, case managers, or previous landlords.
• Request a Reasonable Accommodation: If the criminal conduct was related to a disability (such as a past substance use disorder), an applicant can request an accommodation to have the record overlooked.

Some housing models, like Rapid Re-housing, are designed to be "low-barrier" and are offered without preconditions such as the absence of a criminal record.

Essential Services for Stability: Mail, Phone, and Transportation

Basic logistical tools are indispensable for escaping homelessness. A phone is needed for callbacks, a mailing address is required for benefits, and transportation is necessary for appointments.

Securing a Mailing Address

Several options exist for those without a permanent residence:

• Service Providers: Many shelters, churches, and outreach centers allow clients to receive mail at their address.
• USPS General Delivery: The U.S. Postal Service allows individuals to receive mail addressed to "General Delivery" at a specific post office, arranged with the local postmaster.
• P.O. Box: Renting a P.O. Box provides a secure address but comes at a cost.
• Trusted Contacts: Using the address of a reliable friend or family member is also an option.

Getting a Free Phone and Service (Lifeline Program)

The federal Lifeline program helps make phone service affordable for low-income individuals. Qualifying households can receive free monthly service, including unlimited talk, text, and data.

• Eligibility: An individual can qualify based on income (at or below 135% of Federal Poverty Guidelines) or if they participate in a government program like SNAP, Medicaid, or SSI.
• How to Apply: Applications are made directly through participating wireless providers, such as SafeLink Wireless, Assurance Wireless, and Life Wireless.

Transportation Assistance

Some programs offer limited transportation support, such as bus tickets or gas cards, to help individuals get to appointments. Resources like United Way's Ride United program (accessible via 2-1-1) and local initiatives are designed to bridge these transportation gaps. For youth, the National Runaway Safeline offers free bus transportation to a safe location.

Conclusion

Navigating the landscape of emergency funding and housing assistance can feel daunting, but a structured and robust system of support is in place. The path to stability begins with immediate, decisive action. The most critical first step is to connect with the local service network by dialing 2-1-1. This single call serves as the primary gateway to the Coordinated Entry System.

Federal funding from HUD forms the financial backbone of this system, but all assistance is delivered locally. Individuals access this help by engaging with county social service departments and community-based non-profits like The Salvation Army and Catholic Charities. For specific populations, including veterans, youth, and families, dedicated programs offer tailored support.

Finally, overcoming foundational barriers—such as obtaining a photo ID, securing a phone through the Lifeline program, or establishing a mailing address—is an essential prerequisite for success. While the journey out of homelessness is challenging, a wealth of resources and dedicated professionals are available to provide guidance, financial support, and a pathway back to a safe and stable home.

 Frequently Asked Questions

Finding a South Carolina mortgage relief program is a critical step for homeowners facing financial hardship. Although major state-led initiatives like the SC Homeowner Rescue Program have ended, a strong network of support and alternative resources is still available for residents.

Understanding the current landscape of assistance provides a clear path forward. From free professional counseling to federal and local aid, options exist to help you navigate financial challenges. The top priority for any homeowner struggling with payments is to connect with these active resources to avoid foreclosure and secure their housing.

The Current State of Mortgage Relief in South Carolina: What Homeowners Must Know First

Navigating mortgage assistance requires understanding which programs are currently active and which have ended. In South Carolina, two major, widely known programs are now permanently closed after providing significant aid to residents. Being aware of their status is the first step in directing efforts toward currently available and effective solutions.

SC Homeowner Rescue Program (HAF) is Closed

The SC Homeowner Rescue Program (SC HRP) has officially closed after exhausting all its allocated funds. This program was part of the federal Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF), created by the American Rescue Plan Act to help homeowners impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Administered by the South Carolina State Housing Finance and Development Authority (SC Housing), the SC HRP provided over $119 million in aid to more than 14,500 households in the state.

What the Program Provided

The program offered vital support for those who experienced a pandemic-related financial hardship after January 21, 2020. Assistance included help with:

• Mortgage payments and reinstatement
• Delinquent property taxes
• Homeowner's insurance
• Utilities
• Down payment assistance loans

Applications officially stopped being accepted in April 2023 as the program began its wind-down process. Both SC Housing and the National Council of State Housing Agencies (NCSHA) confirm the program is permanently closed and will not reopen. Be cautious of any solicitations claiming to be from the SC Homeowner Rescue Program, as these are not endorsed by SC Housing and may be scams.

SC HELP Program is Also Permanently Closed

Before the HAF program, South Carolina had another assistance program called the SC Homeownership and Employment Lending Program (SC HELP). Launched in 2011, SC HELP aided families affected by the earlier economic downturn. The program was sponsored by the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Hardest Hit Fund and administered by SC Housing Corp., a non-profit division of SC Housing.

SC HELP offered several types of assistance to responsible homeowners facing circumstances beyond their control. These included:

• Monthly Payment Assistance: For unemployed homeowners seeking new employment.
• Direct Loan Assistance: To bring delinquent mortgages current for homeowners who had recovered from a hardship.
• Modification Assistance: A one-time payment to help homeowners qualify for a loan modification.

Like the SC Homeowner Rescue Program, SC HELP is now permanently closed and is not accepting new applications.

The Path Forward: Where to Turn for Help Now

The closure of these large-scale programs marks a significant shift in mortgage relief for the state. Homeowners no longer apply to a single state fund. The focus has moved to a service-oriented approach involving multiple agencies.

SC Housing and other official bodies now direct homeowners toward a different set of resources. The primary recommendation is to seek guidance from trained professionals who can offer personalized advice and advocacy. The most crucial next steps are to contact a HUD-approved housing counselor and explore legal services for foreclosure prevention.

Your First Call: Free, Expert Guidance from HUD-Approved Housing Counselors

When facing mortgage delinquency or foreclosure, your most effective first step is contacting a HUD-approved housing counseling agency. These non-profit organizations offer free, confidential, and unbiased assistance from trained professionals.

This service is not a loan or grant. It is expert advice tailored to your financial situation, designed to empower you with a clear plan of action.

The Role of a Housing Counselor

A housing counselor acts as a homeowner's advocate and guide. Their primary goal is to help individuals and families find the best possible solution to their housing challenges. They are equipped to provide a wide range of critical services, including:

• Financial Assessment and Budgeting: Counselors help homeowners create a realistic household budget to understand their income, expenses, and what they can truly afford for a monthly mortgage payment.
• Explaining Foreclosure Alternatives: They can explain complex options such as loan modifications, forbearance agreements, repayment plans, and other potential solutions offered by lenders.
• Lender Communication: Counselors can help homeowners prepare for conversations with their mortgage servicer and, in some cases, participate in those calls to help negotiate a workable solution.
• Application Assistance: If any local or federal assistance programs are available, a counselor can help determine eligibility and assist with preparing the necessary applications and documentation.
• Avoiding Scams: They are trained to recognize and help homeowners avoid predatory loan modification scams that target vulnerable individuals.

How to Connect with a Counselor

Finding a HUD-approved housing counselor is straightforward and accessible through several official channels. Homeowners can seek help from anywhere in the country or find an agency located directly in their community.

• Nationwide Hotline: The HOPE Hotline, available 24/7, connects homeowners with trained counselors from non-profit agencies across the country. The number to call is 888-995-HOPE (4673). 
• U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD): HUD provides an online search tool to locate approved agencies by state or zip code. Homeowners can also call their toll-free number at 800-569-4287 for assistance.
• Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB): The CFPB also offers a reliable online tool for finding local housing counselors and can be reached at 855-411-CFPB (2372).

Directory of HUD-Approved Housing Counseling Agencies in South Carolina

For homeowners who prefer to work with a local organization, South Carolina has numerous HUD-approved agencies ready to provide free assistance. Contacting a local agency can provide a more direct connection to community-specific resources.

Federal Mortgage and Housing Programs for SC Homeowners

Even though statewide emergency funds have ended, several federal programs still offer assistance. Agencies like the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) continue to help eligible homeowners.

It is crucial to understand the purpose of these programs. They are not direct mortgage bailouts but can provide significant financial relief for housing costs, especially in rural areas.

USDA Rural Development Programs

USDA Rural Development offers a suite of programs aimed at supporting homeowners in eligible rural and suburban areas. Eligibility for these programs is often determined by location, household income, and ability to obtain credit elsewhere. Homeowners can check both property and income eligibility using the official USDA Eligibility Site.

Section 504 Home Repair Loans & Grants: For Repairs, Not Mortgage Payments

The Single Family Housing Repair Loans & Grants program, commonly known as Section 504, is a vital resource for maintaining safe and sanitary housing. However, its purpose is frequently misunderstood by those seeking mortgage relief. The funds from this program are strictly designated for home repairs and cannot be used to pay a mortgage.

• What it Offers:
• Loans: Very-low-income homeowners can receive loans of up to $40,000 at a fixed 1% interest rate with a 20-year repayment term. These loans can be used to repair, improve, or modernize a home, or to remove health and safety hazards.  
• Grants: Elderly homeowners (age 62 or older) who are very-low-income and cannot repay a loan may be eligible for grants of up to $10,000. These grants must be used exclusively to remove health and safety hazards. In some cases, loans and grants can be combined for up to $50,000 in assistance.  
• Key Eligibility Requirements:
• The applicant must be the homeowner and occupy the house.
• Household income must not exceed the very-low-income limit for the county.
• The applicant must be unable to obtain affordable credit from other sources.  
• Important Clarification: How This Program Helps While Section 504 funds cannot pay your mortgage, they can ease financial pressure. By covering the cost of critical repairs, you can free up your own money to stay current on mortgage payments. This includes major expenses like a new roof, electrical system updates, or accessibility modifications.

Section 502 Direct Home Loan Program: For Purchasing, Not Refinancing an Existing Mortgage

The Section 502 Direct Loan Program helps low- and very-low-income households purchase a home in an eligible rural area. A key feature is its "payment assistance" subsidy, which can lower the mortgage payment by reducing the effective interest rate to as little as 1%.

This payment assistance is only for new loans originated through the USDA program. It is not a benefit that can be applied to an existing mortgage with another lender. This program helps families buy a home, but it cannot modify or provide relief for a pre-existing mortgage.

Disaster Assistance from FEMA and SCEMD

If your financial hardship is the direct result of a natural disaster, like a hurricane or flood, other assistance may be available. After a Major Disaster Declaration by the U.S. President, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) can provide aid to eligible households.

This assistance is coordinated by the South Carolina Emergency Management Division (SCEMD). It can include:

• Temporary Housing: Funds for renting an apartment or motel.
• Housing Repair or Replacement: Grants for uninsured repairs to your primary residence.
• Other Needs Assistance: Funds for disaster-caused expenses like medical costs, personal property, and transportation.

FEMA funds cannot be used for mortgage payments. However, they can cover repair or temporary housing costs, freeing up your money to pay your mortgage. Apply at DisasterAssistance.gov or call FEMA at 800-621-3362.

State, County, and Non-Profit Resources for Foreclosure Prevention

Even though the main statewide mortgage relief programs are closed, help is still available. A network of state, county, and non-profit organizations provides crucial support to homeowners facing hardship.

These resources focus on foreclosure prevention through counseling, legal aid, and local financial programs. To find the right help, you need to know where to look in your community.

SC Housing's Continued Commitment to Homeowners

SC Housing is still a central hub of information for all South Carolina homeowners. While it no longer runs a direct mortgage relief fund, the agency remains committed to helping residents avoid foreclosure.

If you have an SC Housing mortgage, their website has resources and contact information for the loss mitigation department. For all other homeowners, SC Housing acts as a primary referral source. They will direct you to the network of HUD-approved housing counseling agencies across the state.

Free Legal Assistance for Foreclosure Cases

Facing foreclosure involves a legal process, and homeowners have rights that need to be protected. For low-income residents who cannot afford an attorney, several non-profit organizations in South Carolina may offer free legal services. These organizations can provide advice on foreclosure defense, negotiate with lenders, and ensure homeowners are treated fairly.

• South Carolina Legal Services: A non-profit law firm that provides free civil legal assistance to protect the rights and represent the interests of low-income South Carolinians.
• Appleseed Legal Justice Center: An advocacy organization that fights for systemic change and provides legal support on issues affecting low-income families, including housing stability.
• United Way 2-1-1: By calling 2-1-1 or texting "Rescue" to 211211, residents can be connected with legal service providers and other community resources in their area.

County and City-Specific Assistance Programs

Many South Carolina counties and cities run their own housing programs. These are often funded by federal grants like the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) or the HOME Investment Partnership Program.

These programs vary by location and may not offer direct mortgage payment assistance. However, they are a critical part of the local support system for homeowners.

• Greenville County: The Greenville County Human Relations Commission offers foreclosure prevention counseling and workshops. The county also partners with the Greenville Housing Fund on a Mortgage Rescue Loan Program and a Homeowner Preservation Program for home repairs.
• Richland County: The Richland County Homeownership Assistance Program (RCHAP) provides up to $24,500 in down payment and closing cost assistance to eligible first-time homebuyers as a deferred, forgivable second mortgage.
• Charleston County: The Charleston County Community Development department has previously offered financial assistance for mortgage and utility payments. The Charleston Area Urban League, a HUD-approved agency, is a key local partner for foreclosure prevention support.
• Horry County: The county's Community Development office uses CDBG and HOME funds primarily for housing rehabilitation for low- to moderate-income homeowners to ensure homes are safe and sanitary.

Key Non-Profit Organizations Offering Support

Beyond government agencies, a network of non-profit organizations and Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs) plays a vital role in housing stability.

• Origin SC: This Charleston-based non-profit is a HUD-approved counseling agency that specializes in foreclosure prevention counseling, providing homeowners with expert guidance and individualized action plans.
• Community Works Carolina: As a statewide CDFI, Community Works provides financial wellness coaching that can be invaluable for families working to stabilize their finances and sustain homeownership.
• United Way of South Carolina: Through its local chapters, the United Way is a critical connector to resources. It partners with local agencies to host foreclosure prevention workshops and operates the 2-1-1 helpline.

Essential Actions: Communicating with Your Lender and Avoiding Scams

In addition to seeking outside help, every homeowner in financial distress must take two critical actions. First, communicate directly with your mortgage servicer. Second, learn how to identify and avoid foreclosure rescue scams.

These proactive steps can greatly improve your outcome and protect you from more financial harm.

Proactive Communication with Your Mortgage Servicer

Your mortgage servicer is the company that collects your monthly payments. Contact them as soon as you think you might have trouble paying, even before you miss a payment. Ignoring their calls and letters will only make the problem worse and limit your options.

When you call, ask for the "loss mitigation" or "home retention" department. They specialize in helping borrowers who are struggling to make payments. Be ready to explain your financial hardship and provide details about your income, expenses, and other debts.

Lenders may offer several options to help homeowners avoid foreclosure. The availability of these options depends on the type of loan, the investor who owns the loan, and the borrower's specific circumstances. Common solutions include:

• Forbearance: A temporary pause or reduction in mortgage payments. The missed amounts must be repaid later.
• Repayment Plan: Spreads the past-due amount over several months, adding it to the regular mortgage payment until the loan is current.
• Loan Modification: A permanent change to your loan terms, such as lowering the interest rate or extending the repayment term, to make the monthly payment more affordable.

Warning: Identifying and Avoiding Foreclosure Rescue Scams

Vulnerable homeowners are often targeted by criminals running foreclosure rescue scams. These fraudulent companies prey on fear and charge high fees for services that are either useless or available for free elsewhere. It is critical to recognize the warning signs of a scam.

Legitimate help is available from HUD-approved housing counseling agencies at no cost.

Red Flags of a Foreclosure Scam

Be extremely wary of any person or company that:

• Guarantees to Stop a Foreclosure: No one can guarantee this outcome. It is a fraudulent claim.
• Charges High Upfront Fees: It is illegal for companies to charge a fee before providing a service. Legitimate HUD-approved counselors provide their services for free.
• Asks for Payments to Be Made Directly to Them: Never send a mortgage payment to anyone other than your official mortgage servicer.
• Instructs You to Cut Off Contact with Your Lender: This is a major red flag. A legitimate helper will encourage open communication with your servicer.
• Pressures You to Sign Unclear Documents: Scammers may try to trick you into signing over the deed to your property. Never sign any document without fully understanding it.

If you suspect a scam, report it immediately. You can file reports with the South Carolina Department of Consumer Affairs, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). Protecting yourself from these scams is just as important as finding real help.

Frequently Asked Questions

Securing Rhode Island mortgage relief is a critical goal for homeowners experiencing financial hardship. A robust system of support exists to help you avoid foreclosure if you are struggling to make your mortgage payments. It is essential to understand that you are not alone and that proactive steps can lead to a sustainable solution.

State-chartered agencies, non-profit organizations, and legal aid services offer a clear path toward stability. They provide resources like foreclosure prevention counseling, state-mandated mediation, and free legal assistance. The key to a successful outcome is to act quickly and engage with these established support networks.

Critical Update: The Status of the Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF-RI)

It is important for homeowners to have the most current information. The Homeowner Assistance Fund Rhode Island (HAF-RI) program, a significant source of federal relief created to address COVID-19 related hardships, is closed to new applications as of July 25, 2023. Many online resources may still reference this program, but it is no longer an available option for new applicants.

The closure of this temporary fund marks a return to the state's permanent and foundational support systems for homeowners. While HAF-RI provided direct grants to cover past-due balances, the currently available resources focus on creating long-term, sustainable solutions. The strategy for homeowners has shifted from applying for a one-time grant to engaging in a structured process of professional counseling, direct negotiation with lenders, and leveraging legal protections to achieve a manageable mortgage payment for the future.

Your Immediate Action Plan: Three Steps to Take Right Now

When facing mortgage difficulties, the feeling of being overwhelmed can be paralyzing. Taking immediate, focused action is the most effective way to regain a sense of control. The following three steps are the foundation of a successful foreclosure prevention strategy.

Step 1: Contact Your Mortgage Servicer

The first and most crucial step is to communicate with your lender or mortgage servicer as soon as you anticipate having trouble making a payment. Lenders are not in the business of owning homes; they would much rather find a workable solution than proceed with a costly and complex foreclosure process.

When you call, be prepared to explain your situation honestly. State that you are experiencing a financial hardship and wish to explore your options for mortgage relief or loss mitigation. Federal mortgage servicing laws often require servicers to discuss foreclosure alternatives with you, so initiating this conversation is a protected and necessary step.

Step 2: Gather Your Financial Documents

Nearly every assistance program will require a clear picture of your financial situation to determine your eligibility and identify the best possible solutions. Gathering these documents now will save critical time later in the process.

While the specific requirements may vary slightly, the core documents are consistent across all agencies:

• Proof of Income: Your most recent 30 days of pay stubs for all household members, as well as proof of any other income (Social Security, disability, child support, etc.).
• Tax Returns: Your two most recent federal tax returns, including all schedules and W-2s.
• Bank Statements: Your two most recent statements for all checking and savings accounts.
• Mortgage Statement: Your most recent mortgage statement, which includes your loan number and servicer's contact information.
• Hardship Letter: A brief, signed letter explaining the circumstances that led to your financial difficulty.

Having these documents organized allows a housing counselor or legal representative to assess your case quickly and advocate effectively on your behalf.

Step 3: Do Not Pay for Foreclosure Prevention Help

Be extremely wary of any company that charges upfront fees for foreclosure prevention services or promises guaranteed results. Legitimate, effective assistance is available at no cost to you from state-sponsored programs and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)-approved counseling agencies. These non-profit organizations are funded to provide free, expert guidance. Paying a private company for these services is unnecessary and often a sign of a predatory scam that targets vulnerable homeowners.

RIHousing: The State's Primary Support for Homeowners

At the center of Rhode Island's homeowner assistance network is RI Housing. As a state-chartered entity, it serves as the primary, trusted resource for residents navigating mortgage challenges. Its Help Center is a HUD-approved counseling agency that provides a suite of free, confidential services designed to prevent foreclosure and promote long-term housing stability.

Service 1: Free HUD-Approved Housing Counseling

The first point of contact for most struggling homeowners should be RI Housing's Help Center. This is not simply a source of advice; it is a hub for active advocacy. Certified housing counselors work as your professional ally, providing expert guidance and direct intervention to resolve your mortgage delinquency.

What to Expect During Your Session

A counseling session involves a comprehensive review of your finances, including your income, expenses, and debts. Based on this assessment, your counselor will:

• Develop a realistic household budget.
• Explain the foreclosure process and your rights as a homeowner.
• Work directly with your mortgage servicer to apply for a loan modification, forbearance agreement, or other workout plan.
• Refer you to free legal services if your situation requires it.

How to Get Started

To begin the process, you must complete and submit a Financial Information Package. A counselor will then be assigned to your case to review your options.

• Contact RI Housing Help Center: 401-457-1130.

Service 2: The Foreclosure Mediation Program

Rhode Island law provides a powerful protection for homeowners: the right to a formal mediation conference with their lender. Under R.I. General Laws § 34-27-3.2, this program is designed to facilitate a resolution and is a critical tool for avoiding foreclosure.

This program is more than just a meeting; it is a state-mandated process that levels the playing field. Lenders are legally required to participate in good faith, and the entire process is overseen by RI Housing, which acts as a neutral facilitator. This structure ensures that your case is given serious consideration.

The effectiveness of this approach is clear: since its inception in 2013, approximately 70% of mediation conferences have resulted in the lender not proceeding to foreclosure. A significant feature of the program is its cost structure. The service is entirely free for the homeowner; the mortgage lender is required by law to pay the associated fees.

The Mediation Process

The mediation process follows a clear path:

1. Contact the Coordinator: Once you receive a notice of default, you should immediately contact the RI Housing Mediation Coordinator to express your intent to participate.
2. Select a Counselor: The coordinator will provide a list of HUD-approved counseling agencies. You will select one to work with, and your assigned counselor will help you prepare the necessary paperwork and will attend the mediation conference to advocate on your behalf.
3. Schedule the Conference: The law provides a 60-day window for the mediation conference to occur, making it essential to start the process as soon as possible.

• Contact the Mediation Coordinator: 401-457-1213.

Service 3: Tax Lien Assistance (The Madeline Walker Act)

Foreclosure can also result from delinquent property taxes. The Madeline Walker Act is a unique Rhode Island state law that provides a critical safety net for homeowners at risk of losing their homes in a tax sale.

Under this law, RI Housing has the legal right to purchase delinquent tax liens on owner-occupied properties (1-3 units) from municipalities before they are sold to private investors at a public auction. The primary benefit this provides is time. A private investor who purchases a tax lien can initiate foreclosure proceedings after holding the lien for just one year.

However, the Madeline Walker Act requires RI Housing to hold the lien for a minimum of five years before it can begin foreclosure. This five-fold increase in the remediation window is the program's core strength. It transforms an immediate crisis into a manageable, long-term challenge.

During this extended period, RI Housing works with the homeowner to:

• Establish a sustainable payment plan.
• Provide connections to housing counseling and other community resources.

There is a critical and non-negotiable deadline for this program. To be eligible for assistance, a homeowner must contact RI Housing at least 20 days prior to the scheduled tax sale date. Missing this deadline means RI Housing will be unable to intervene, and the tax lien will proceed to public auction.

Accessing Free Legal Assistance to Protect Your Home

In situations where foreclosure is imminent or legal complexities arise, professional legal representation is invaluable. Rhode Island has a two-pronged legal safety net that provides free services to homeowners, ensuring that assistance is available to residents across different circumstances.

This dual structure acknowledges that financial hardship is not exclusive to one income bracket. One program is designed for those who have experienced a specific life event that caused their financial distress, while the other serves low-income individuals more broadly. Understanding the distinction will help you connect with the right resource for your situation.

Option 1: The Rhode Island Bar Association's Foreclosure Prevention Project

This program is specifically designed to help homeowners who are at risk of foreclosure due to a specific, qualifying financial hardship. It operates by connecting eligible residents with a network of private attorneys who volunteer their time and expertise pro bono (free of charge).

Eligibility and Services

Eligibility is often triggered by a significant life event that has impacted your ability to pay your mortgage, such as:

• Loss of employment or a decrease in salary.
• Divorce or separation.
• Death of a family member.
• A serious illness.
• Loss or denial of benefits like child support or alimony.

Volunteer attorneys can provide direct representation in a variety of legal areas crucial to preventing foreclosure, including loan modifications, bankruptcy proceedings, and probate matters.

How to Get Help

The process for getting help is straightforward:

1. Initial Call: Telephone the project's central number.
2. Intake Interview: A staff member will conduct a confidential interview to understand your legal issue and determine eligibility.
3. Attorney Matching: If you are eligible, the staff will match your case with an experienced volunteer attorney. You will then be given the attorney's contact information to schedule your first appointment.

While the attorney's legal services are free, the homeowner may be responsible for minor court fees or litigation costs.

• Contact the Foreclosure Prevention Project: 401-421-7758.

Option 2: Rhode Island Legal Services (RILS) Foreclosure Prevention Project

Rhode Island Legal Services (RILS) is a non-profit organization that provides high-quality legal assistance to low-income Rhode Islanders. Its Foreclosure Prevention Project is a dedicated unit that offers free counseling and legal representation to eligible homeowners and tenants in foreclosed properties.

Legal Services Offered

RILS offers a comprehensive suite of legal services aimed at stopping foreclosure and protecting homeowners' rights. Their attorneys can assist with:

• Negotiating loan modifications and other settlements with banks.
• Providing advice and representation in bankruptcy cases.
• Identifying and fighting predatory lending practices.
• Filing cases in state, federal, and bankruptcy courts.

Homeowners can seek assistance by contacting RILS directly. Additionally, a housing counselor at RI Housing may provide a direct referral to RILS if legal intervention is deemed necessary during the counseling process.

• Contact Rhode Island Legal Services: 401-274-2652.

Official Directory of HUD-Approved Housing Counseling Agencies in Rhode Island

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) certifies non-profit agencies across the country to provide free or very low-cost housing counseling services. These organizations are trained to offer impartial, expert advice to help homeowners make responsible decisions. Having a consolidated list of Rhode Island agencies can save valuable time for a homeowner in crisis.

The following table provides a directory of all HUD-approved housing counseling agencies in Rhode Island. The "Key Mortgage-Related Services Offered" column helps you identify the agency best equipped to handle your specific needs.

Taking Control and Moving Forward

Facing the risk of foreclosure is a serious and stressful challenge, but it is one that does not have to be faced alone. Rhode Island has created a clear and structured support system with multiple entry points for assistance. From the expert advocacy of a HUD-approved housing counselor to the legal protections offered by state law and pro bono attorneys, a pathway to a resolution exists.

The single most important factor in achieving a positive outcome is taking proactive steps. The further behind you fall on payments, the fewer options may be available. Engaging early with the free resources outlined here is the first and most powerful step toward regaining control of your financial future. Making the call to RI Housing's Help Center or another HUD-approved counseling agency can set in motion a process designed to keep you in your home.

Relevant Resources

• RI Housing Homeowner Assistance: https://www.rihousing.com/homeowner-assistance/
• Rhode Island Legal Services: https://rils.org/
• Rhode Island Bar Association: https://www.ribar.com/
• HUD Housing Counselor Locator: https://apps.hud.gov/offices/hsg/sfh/hcc/hcs.cfm

Frequently Asked Questions

The impulse to help when encountering a person experiencing homelessness is a powerful and deeply human one. Seeing someone in need often sparks a desire to offer immediate, tangible support. For many, assembling blessing bags—also known as care kits or homeless care packages—has become a popular way to channel this desire into direct action. These kits, filled with essentials, represent a direct gesture of kindness.

However, the reality of homelessness in the United States is a complex crisis that requires more than just good intentions. The need is staggering and growing. In January 2024, a single-night count found approximately 771,480 people experiencing homelessness, a record high since data collection began and an 18% increase from the previous year.

This crisis disproportionately affects communities of color. For instance, Black individuals represent over 31% of the unhoused population but only about 14% of the total US population. These numbers underscore the urgency of the situation and highlight the importance of ensuring that any aid provided is not only well-intentioned but also genuinely effective, respectful, and informed.

Moving beyond a generic checklist is essential. A truly helpful blessing bag is one assembled with a deep understanding of the recipient's daily reality. This includes the severe health challenges, logistical burdens, and the need for dignity that define life without a stable home.

This requires a thoughtful approach that considers not only what to include but also why certain items are critical and what should be avoided. It also involves recognizing the limitations of this form of aid and exploring how individual compassion can support larger, systemic solutions. The goal is to transform a simple act of charity into a meaningful gesture of solidarity that truly makes a difference.

Assembling a Truly Helpful Blessing Bag: The Essential Checklist

Creating a blessing bag that provides genuine comfort and utility begins with selecting the right items. The most effective kits are packed with practical, portable, and high-need essentials that address the immediate challenges of living without consistent access to shelter, sanitation, and storage.

A well-curated bag prioritizes health, nutrition, and protection from the elements, all while being mindful of the weight and space constraints faced by individuals who must carry all their belongings. The following checklists are based on direct feedback from outreach organizations and individuals with lived experience, designed to guide the creation of a truly beneficial care package.

Core Hygiene and Health

Personal hygiene is a matter of health, dignity, and self-esteem, yet it is incredibly difficult to maintain without access to a private bathroom. Items that are portable, effective without running water, and address critical health needs are the most valuable.

A crucial best practice is to place scented items like soap in a separate small bag before putting them in the main kit. This prevents the soapy taste and smell from permeating the food items, a small detail that shows considerable care and forethought.

Nutrient-Dense, Accessible Foods

For individuals experiencing homelessness, food must be non-perishable, require no preparation or refrigeration, and be easy to eat on the go. Critically, many unhoused individuals face significant dental problems, making soft, easy-to-chew foods far more practical and helpful than hard, crunchy, or sticky options. Always include plastic utensils if providing items that require them, like applesauce or pudding cups.

Essential Clothing and Weather Protection

Protection from the elements is a constant struggle. Clothing items should always be new for hygiene and dignity. Used clothing is better donated to shelters that can properly sort and distribute it. Seasonal considerations are paramount; what is helpful in winter can be useless in summer, and vice versa.

• Socks: This is the single most important and requested clothing item in homeless shelters. Provide new, durable, high-quality socks, preferably made of wool or a synthetic blend that wicks moisture.
• Underwear: New underwear is another high-need item that is rarely donated.
• Gloves and Hats: In colder climates, warm gloves and a beanie or winter hat are essential for preventing heat loss and frostbite.
• Rain Poncho: A lightweight, compact poncho can be a lifesaver, providing protection from rain and helping to keep belongings dry. Brightly colored ponchos can also increase visibility and safety.
• Seasonal Items:
• Winter: Include hand warmers, thermal blankets (Mylar space blankets), and long underwear if possible.
• Summer: Include sunscreen (travel-sized), sunglasses, and a small tube of aloe vera gel.

Items for Connection, Safety, and Practicality

Beyond basic survival, some items can provide a measure of safety, connection to resources, and a much-needed affirmation of humanity.

• List of Local Resources: This is one of the most impactful items to include. Compile a small, laminated, or waterproofed card with the names, addresses, phone numbers, and operating hours of local shelters, soup kitchens, food pantries, free medical clinics, and day centers. This information can be a critical lifeline.
• Handwritten Note of Encouragement: A simple, non-judgmental note can combat the feelings of invisibility and dehumanization that often accompany homelessness. Phrases like, "Thinking of you," "You are not forgotten," or "Wishing you the best" can make a significant emotional impact. Avoid religious messages unless you are certain they will be welcome.
• Small Flashlight: A compact LED flashlight or keychain light provides safety and convenience at night.
• Gift Cards: If the budget allows, a $5 or $10 gift card to a nearby fast-food restaurant (like McDonald's or Subway) or a grocery store provides the recipient with the dignity of choice. These establishments often have accessible restrooms as well.
• Reusable Bag: Packing the items in a durable, reusable bag, such as a drawstring backpack or a sturdy tote, provides a useful item that can be used long after the initial contents are gone.

The Unspoken Needs: Addressing Critical Health Gaps

Understanding the why behind certain high-priority items elevates the act of giving from simple charity to a form of preventative healthcare. Life on the streets exposes individuals to a host of severe health risks that are often invisible to the housed population. Including items that address foot health and oral health is a direct intervention that can prevent life-altering medical complications.

The Lifesaving Importance of New, Dry Socks

It may be surprising to learn that socks are consistently the single most requested item of clothing at homeless shelters across the country. This is not a matter of comfort; it is a critical issue of health and survival. Individuals experiencing homelessness are often on their feet for most of the day, walking long distances to access services or find a safe place to rest.

This constant mobility, combined with prolonged exposure to the elements, means their feet are frequently damp. Without access to laundry facilities or a place to dry out, socks are worn for days or even weeks at a time. This creates a perfect environment for a host of painful and dangerous foot conditions.

These include:

• Trench Foot: A serious condition from prolonged wetness that can lead to tissue decay, gangrene, and amputation if untreated.
• Fungal Infections: Conditions like athlete's foot thrive in moist environments, causing itching and blisters that can lead to bacterial infections.
• Frostbite: In cold weather, damp socks dramatically increase the risk of frostbite, which can cause permanent damage to skin and nerves.
• Blisters and Cellulitis: A simple blister can become infected, leading to cellulitis, a potentially life-threatening bacterial skin infection.

These conditions are more than just painful; they are debilitating. A person with a severe foot infection cannot walk to a job interview, a housing appointment, or a soup kitchen. Providing a new, clean, dry pair of socks is one of the most impactful healthcare interventions that can be included in a blessing bag.

Oral Health on the Streets: Why Dental Care Items Matter

Another profound health crisis within the unhoused community is the catastrophic state of oral health. The challenges of homelessness—malnutrition, poor hygiene, and a lack of access to professional care—create a devastating assault on dental well-being. Studies reveal a level of dental disease far exceeding that of the general population, with some surveys finding over 90% of homeless adults have untreated dental caries.

The consequences of this neglect are severe and multifaceted:

• Chronic Pain: Dental pain can be excruciating, interfering with sleep and making it impossible to focus on tasks necessary for exiting homelessness. Some individuals even resort to pulling their own teeth.
• Inability to Eat: Decayed or missing teeth make it impossible to eat a healthy diet, forcing a reliance on soft, often less nutritious foods. This is why blessing bags should contain soft, easy-to-chew foods.
• Barriers to Employment: Visible dental decay carries a heavy social stigma that can severely impact self-esteem and create a significant barrier to securing employment.
• Systemic Health Risks: Poor oral health is not confined to the mouth. Gum disease is linked to an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and other serious health conditions.

Given these realities, the inclusion of a soft-bristled toothbrush, toothpaste, and floss is far more than a simple amenity. It is a tool for pain prevention, a means to improve nutrition, and a small step toward restoring self-confidence.

What to Avoid: Preventing Unintentional Harm and Waste

The desire to give generously can sometimes lead to including items that are unhelpful or even harmful. A thoughtful blessing bag is defined as much by what it leaves out as by what it includes. Avoiding common mistakes demonstrates a deeper level of empathy and respect for the recipient's circumstances.

Foods That Can Cause Problems

While food is a welcome gift, the wrong kind can be impractical or even painful to eat due to the severe dental issues prevalent in the homeless community.

• Hard or Chewy Foods: Avoid items like hard granola bars, tough beef jerky, nuts, and hard candies. These can be difficult or impossible for someone with dental pain to chew.
• Perishable Foods: Items that require refrigeration, such as fresh sandwiches with meat or cheese, can spoil quickly and cause foodborne illness.
• Items Requiring Preparation: Canned goods without pop-top lids are impractical, as most people do not carry a can opener. Similarly, items that need to be cooked are only useful if the person has access to hot water.

Items That Create Burdens or Risks

Living without a home means every possession must be carried. Unnecessary, heavy, or risky items add a significant physical burden and can create waste.

• Sharp Objects and Potential Weapons: For safety, never include items like pocket knives, metal utensils, or disposable razors. If including utensils, always opt for sturdy plastic varieties.
• Fire Starters: Avoid packing matches or lighters. They are a significant fire hazard in environments where people may be sleeping in tents or with flammable materials.
• Heavily Scented or Leaky Toiletries: Strong scents can ruin food items. Ensure all liquids are securely sealed to prevent leaks that can damage everything else in the kit.
• Mouthwash with Alcohol: Many shelters advise against including mouthwash that contains alcohol due to the potential for misuse.
• Used or Sized Clothing: Beyond socks and gloves, avoid including other clothing items. It is impossible to know a person's size, and it is far more effective to donate gently used clothing directly to a shelter.

The Nuances of Giving: Cash, Gift Cards, and Religious Items

Certain items carry social and personal complexities that require careful consideration. How these are handled can determine whether the gift feels empowering or patronizing.

• Cash: Many organizations advise against giving cash directly, citing the risk that it could be used to support an addiction. However, withholding cash can feel untrusting and strip individuals of their autonomy to decide what they need most.
• Gift Cards: A widely recommended compromise is a gift card in a small amount ($5-$10) for a local fast-food restaurant or grocery store. This provides choice and dignity while ensuring the funds are used for essentials.
• Religious Literature: Including religious tracts or Bibles can feel proselytizing and may alienate the recipient. A more inclusive gesture is a simple, handwritten note with a message of encouragement and shared humanity.

The Human Connection: Distributing Bags with Dignity and Safety

The act of giving a blessing bag is more than a simple transfer of goods; it is a human interaction. For a person who is frequently ignored, a moment of genuine, respectful connection can affirm their dignity. At the same time, it is essential to prioritize safety for both the giver and the recipient.

Prioritizing Safety for Everyone

Taking simple precautions is a matter of common sense and respect. The goal is to help, not to put anyone in a vulnerable position.

• Be Aware of Your Surroundings: When distributing from a car, be mindful of traffic. If on foot, choose well-lit, public areas.
• Use Your Judgment: Trust your instincts. If a person appears agitated or a situation feels unsafe, it is better to refrain from approaching. Do not wake someone who is sleeping.
• Go with a Group: It is always safer to go with a friend or in a small group, especially when distributing in unfamiliar areas.
• Consider an Alternative: If handing out bags directly feels unsafe, donate the completed bags to a local homeless shelter or outreach organization. They can ensure the bags get to those who need them most.

A Respectful and Dignified Approach

The core of a positive interaction lies in honoring the recipient's humanity. People experiencing homelessness deserve the same courtesy and respect as anyone else. The feeling of being seen and treated like a person is often as valuable as any material item.

• Make Eye Contact and Offer a Warm Greeting: A simple smile and a friendly "hello" can break down the wall of invisibility and is a fundamental act of respect.
• Ask First, Don't Assume: Instead of simply thrusting a bag at someone, ask permission first. A polite question like, "Excuse me, I have some care kits. Would you be interested in one?" respects their autonomy.
• Be Open to Conversation, but Don't Force It: Be present and willing to listen if they initiate a conversation, but do not press for personal details or force interaction. Respect their privacy and boundaries.
• Don't Expect Anything in Return: The purpose of giving is to help, not to receive thanks. A person's life on the streets is immensely difficult, and they may not respond positively. The act of generosity should be its own reward.

Beyond the Bag: A Critical Perspective on This Form of Aid

While blessing bags come from a place of genuine compassion, it is crucial to engage with a more critical perspective on this form of aid. Examining the limitations and potential downsides reveals that good intentions do not always translate into good outcomes. This nuanced understanding is the first step toward more impactful forms of support.

Listening to Lived Experience: Is This Really Helping?

When the voices of recipients are centered, a more complex picture of blessing bags emerges. While some items are appreciated, the practice as a whole can be fraught with issues that givers may never consider.

• The Burden of Unwanted Items: A person experiencing homelessness has to carry every possession. Receiving a bag filled with items they do not need—such as a "seventh toothbrush of the month"—is not a blessing but a burden.
• The Feeling of Being Patronized: The pre-packaged, one-size-fits-all nature of blessing bags can feel impersonal. It presumes that the giver knows best, stripping the individual of their agency. As one individual expressed, it would be far better if people would "just fucking ask me what I need instead of thinking they know".
• Waste and Inefficiency: The phenomenon of abandoned blessing bags is a visible symptom of this disconnect. A bag left behind is often evidence that the contents did not match the person's needs, highlighting an inefficiency in the model.

Acknowledging the Limitations: A Band-Aid, Not a Cure

It is essential to recognize the structural limitations of blessing bags as a response to homelessness. They are, by their very nature, a short-term intervention that addresses symptoms, not causes.

A blessing bag can provide a meal or a dry pair of socks for a day. It can offer a moment of comfort and a brief respite from the harsh realities of the street. However, it cannot provide what is truly needed to escape homelessness: a safe place to sleep, access to healthcare, a steady income, and, most importantly, affordable and stable housing.

Focusing solely on individual acts of charity can create the illusion of a solution while drawing attention away from the systemic changes required. They are a "band-aid" for a deep, societal wound. While band-aids provide immediate relief, they should never be mistaken for the comprehensive treatment the wound requires.

Creating Lasting Change: High-Impact Alternatives and Systemic Support

The compassionate impulse that inspires a blessing bag is the perfect starting point for a deeper, more impactful engagement. By channeling that same energy toward established systems of support and advocacy, it is possible to contribute to lasting solutions for the entire community.

Support Proven Local and National Organizations

Donating money to reputable non-profit organizations is frequently cited by experts as the single most efficient and impactful way for an individual to help. These organizations are able to pool resources and use their expertise to provide comprehensive, life-changing services.

• Local Impact: Local homeless shelters like Carpenter's Shelter in Alexandria, VA, offer integrated services including case management, mental health support, employment assistance, and pathways to permanent housing.
• National Advocacy: National organizations work on the systemic level. The National Alliance to End Homelessness focuses on research and policy advocacy , while the   National Coalition for the Homeless centers the voices of those with lived experience.

Donate Smarter: Giving What's Actually Needed

For those who prefer to give physical goods, a strategic approach can ensure donations are maximally effective.

• Consult Shelter Wish Lists: Instead of guessing, check the websites of local shelters. Most maintain up-to-date "wish lists" of their most needed items. This allows donors to fill a specific, known gap.
• Support Hygiene Banks: Organizations like Simply the Basics operate on a food bank model, collecting bulk hygiene products and distributing them to a network of partner organizations based on their specific needs. This professionalized system reduces waste and ensures quality control.

The Power of Your Time and Voice

Beyond financial or material donations, two of the most valuable resources anyone can offer are their time and their voice.

• Volunteer: Local shelters, soup kitchens, and food pantries rely on volunteers to operate. Giving time to serve meals or sort donations is a direct and powerful way to support essential infrastructure.
• Become an Advocate: Ultimately, homelessness is a policy problem that requires policy solutions. The most lasting impact comes from advocating for systemic change, such as supporting affordable housing development, tenant protections, and increased funding for homeless services.

Conclusion

The journey of wanting to help a person experiencing homelessness often begins with a simple, tangible idea: the blessing bag. This act, born of compassion, can provide real, immediate comfort. By thoughtfully selecting items based on genuine needs and distributing them with respect, a blessing bag can be a meaningful gesture of kindness.

However, a deeper engagement with this issue reveals that the blessing bag is a starting point, not a final destination. Listening to the voices of those with lived experience encourages a shift in perspective. The most powerful expressions of compassion are those that support the comprehensive, systemic work being done by professional organizations.

The ultimate goal is not just to help a person survive another day, but to help create a world where no one has to live on the streets in the first place. This is achieved by channeling that initial impulse to help into smarter, more strategic forms of support: funding organizations, donating needed items, and advocating for policies that create housing, opportunity, and justice. In this way, a simple act of kindness evolves into a powerful force for lasting change.

 Frequently Asked Questions

Facing financial hardship and the threat of foreclosure can be an incredibly stressful experience. The Pennsylvania Housing Finance Agency (PHFA) offers assistance to residents struggling with their mortgage payments. The primary resource for homeowners at risk of foreclosure is the Homeowners' Emergency Mortgage Assistance Program (HEMAP), a state-funded loan program designed as a crucial safety net.

It is vital for homeowners to understand their options and act quickly. A separate, federally funded grant program, the Pennsylvania Homeowner Assistance Fund (PAHAF), was created for COVID-19 hardships but is no longer accepting new applications. While waitlisted PAHAF applications are still being processed, no new submissions are possible. Therefore, the focus for homeowners currently seeking help is the established HEMAP program.

The Homeowners' Emergency Mortgage Assistance Program (HEMAP): A Detailed Overview

HEMAP is a long-standing component of Pennsylvania's housing safety net. It is a well-established system designed to offer a lifeline to those facing a temporary financial crisis that jeopardizes their homeownership.

What HEMAP Is and How It Works

Created by state law (Act 91 of 1983), HEMAP's mission is to protect Pennsylvanians who, through no fault of their own, are in danger of losing their homes. It is a loan program, not a grant, meaning any funds provided must be repaid over time. The program identifies homeowners with a strong likelihood of recovering from their financial hardship and resuming their mortgage payments.

HEMAP is a sustainable, revolving loan fund. It is funded by state appropriations and, crucially, through the repayment of previous HEMAP loans. This structure ensures that as homeowners get back on their feet, the funds become available to help the next family in crisis.

HEMAP Eligibility Checklist: Do You Qualify?

To be eligible for a HEMAP loan, homeowners must meet several specific criteria. These requirements ensure the program assists those with a temporary hardship and a reasonable chance of recovery.

• Residency and Occupancy: The property must be your primary, owner-occupied residence and be located in Pennsylvania.
• Delinquency Status: You must be at least 60 days delinquent on your mortgage payments and have received an Act 91 Notice from your lender.
• Nature of Financial Hardship: The delinquency must result from circumstances beyond your control, such as involuntary job loss, serious illness, divorce, or the death of a primary wage earner.
• Prospect of Recovery: You must demonstrate a reasonable prospect of resuming full monthly mortgage payments within 24 to 36 months.
• Property and Mortgage Type: The home must be a one- or two-family residence. Most FHA Title II purchase loans are excluded from HEMAP.
• Prior Credit History: You must have had a favorable mortgage payment history for the five years preceding the delinquency.

Understanding the HEMAP Loan: What Assistance is Available

If approved, HEMAP assistance is structured as a loan secured by a mortgage on your property. The specifics are tailored to your financial situation.

Types of Assistance

Depending on your income and hardship, HEMAP offers two forms of aid:

• Continuing mortgage assistance loans to help with monthly payments for a set period.
• Non-continuing mortgage assistance loans to bring a delinquent account current.

Maximum Assistance and Repayment

• The total assistance is capped at $60,000 or 24 to 36 months of assistance from the original delinquency date, whichever comes first.
• Repayment is designed to be manageable. Your monthly payment to HEMAP is typically calculated as a percentage of your net monthly income (up to 35-40%), with a legally mandated minimum payment of $25.

Your Step-by-Step Path Through the HEMAP Application

The HEMAP application is a structured, time-sensitive process that requires working with a designated housing counseling agency. Understanding these steps is key to navigating the system.

Step 1: The Act 91 Notice - Your Official Starting Point

The process begins when you receive an official Act 91 Notice from your mortgage lender. This legally required document informs you of your right to apply for a HEMAP loan before your lender can proceed with foreclosure.

Step 2: Critical Deadline: Contact a Housing Counselor Within 33 Days

This is the most urgent step. After receiving the Act 91 Notice, you must schedule and attend a face-to-face meeting with a designated HEMAP counseling agency within 33 days from the date on the notice. Meeting this deadline legally prohibits your lender from advancing the foreclosure while your application is reviewed.

Step 3: Gathering Your Documents: A Preparation Checklist

Being prepared for your counseling meeting will streamline the process. You should be ready to provide the following documents:

• Proof of Hardship: A signed letter explaining the hardship, with supporting evidence (e.g., layoff notices, medical bills).
• Official Notices: The Act 91 Notice and any other foreclosure notices.
• Identification: Valid photo ID for all applicants.
• Income Verification: Recent pay stubs and verification of other income (unemployment, Social Security, etc.).
• Financial History: Federal tax returns for the past three years and recent bank statements.
• Property and Debt Documents: A copy of the deed, homeowner's insurance policy, and monthly statements for other debts.
• Plan for Recovery: An explanation of how you plan to resume full mortgage payments.

Step 4: The Application and Review Process

After your meeting, the counseling agency compiles and submits the application to PHFA on your behalf. The agency has 30 days to submit it, and PHFA has 60 days to make a decision. Throughout this period, the foreclosure action remains on hold.

Status of the Pennsylvania Homeowner Assistance Fund (PAHAF)

It is essential to understand the status of the Pennsylvania Homeowner Assistance Fund (PAHAF), which is separate from HEMAP.

PAHAF was established with federal funds from the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 to assist homeowners impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Unlike HEMAP, PAHAF provided grants that did not need to be repaid.

Due to overwhelming demand, the PAHAF program paused accepting new applications as of February 1, 2023. While existing applications on the waitlist may still be processed, no new applications are being accepted. For information on a previously submitted application, visit pahaf.org.

Essential Support: Connecting with a HUD-Approved Housing Counselor

The most important action a homeowner can take after receiving an Act 91 Notice is to contact a HUD-approved housing counseling agency. Their services are mandatory for the HEMAP application and are provided at no cost.

These non-profit agencies are staffed with certified professionals trained to provide expert guidance on foreclosure prevention. They will help you assess your finances, gather documents, and submit the application to PHFA.

Find a Counselor Near You

To find a designated agency, use the official search tool on the PHFA website.

• PHFA Housing Counseling Agency Locator: https://www.phfa.org/counseling/hca.aspx

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) also maintains a national database.

• HUD Approved Housing Counseling Agencies: https://apps.hud.gov/offices/hsg/sfh/hcc/hcs.cfm

Key Counseling Agencies by Region

Additional Resources and Alternatives for Homeowners

While HEMAP is the primary foreclosure prevention program, it is crucial to explore all possible avenues for assistance.

Direct Communication with Your Lender

Contact your mortgage servicer immediately. Lenders often have internal programs and may offer solutions such as:

• Repayment Plans: To catch up on missed payments.
• Forbearance: A temporary suspension or reduction of payments.
• Loan Modification: A permanent change to your mortgage terms.

Other PHFA Programs

PHFA administers other programs that may offer assistance, including loans and grants for down payment and closing costs for new homebuyers or home repair programs for residents with disabilities.

Federal and Local Programs

Other resources may be available depending on your location. For homeowners in rural areas, the USDA Section 504 Home Repair program offers loans and grants to very-low-income residents to repair or modernize their homes. Check with your city or county government for any local housing programs.

 Frequently Asked Questions

For Oregon homeowners facing financial hardship, the possibility of falling behind on mortgage payments can be an overwhelming source of stress. The landscape of available assistance has changed significantly, and knowing where to turn for reliable help is the first and most critical step toward stability.

This resource provides a clear and accurate overview of the current state of mortgage relief in Oregon, focusing on the active programs and official channels designed to help homeowners prevent foreclosure. While major pandemic-era relief funds have concluded, a robust system of support remains in place, centered on mediation, expert counseling, and local assistance programs.

The Current State of Mortgage Assistance in Oregon

Navigating mortgage relief begins with understanding which programs are active and which have ended. Several high-profile initiatives that provided substantial aid during the COVID-19 pandemic are now closed. It is essential for homeowners to have the most current information to avoid confusion and pursue the right avenues for help.

A Closed Chapter: The Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF)

It is critical for homeowners to know that the Oregon Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF) is closed and no longer accepting new applications. This federally funded program was established under the American Rescue Plan Act to provide emergency relief to homeowners who experienced financial hardship due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

During its operation, the HAF program was a vital lifeline, disbursing over $72 million to 2,619 Oregon households. The aid, which averaged $27,429 per household, helped homeowners catch up on past-due mortgage payments, property taxes, and other housing-related costs. This assistance was typically structured as a no-interest, five-year, forgivable loan.

Homeowners who previously received HAF funds and are now selling or refinancing their property may need a payoff statement. These statements can be ordered by sending an email to haf.payoffs@hcs.oregon.gov.

Status of the Oregon Homeownership Stabilization Initiative (OHSI)

Similarly, the Oregon Homeownership Stabilization Initiative (OHSI) is also closed to new applications. This earlier program was created in response to the Great Recession and later extended to assist those impacted by the pandemic.

OHSI offered various forms of assistance, including one-time payments to bring delinquent mortgage accounts current. Homeowners who participated in OHSI and need a payoff statement for their loan should direct their requests via email to ohsi.payoffs@hcs.oregon.gov.

Active Solutions: Where to Turn for Help Now

The closure of these large-scale subsidy programs marks a significant change in Oregon's approach to mortgage relief. The strategy has evolved from providing emergency financial injections to empowering homeowners with procedural rights and expert guidance.

The primary, active resources available to homeowners in distress are now the Oregon Foreclosure Avoidance Program (OFAP) and the statewide network of free, certified housing counselors. This shift indicates a focus on creating sustainable, long-term solutions through negotiated loan modifications rather than temporary financial patches.

These programs are supported by a partnership between Oregon Housing and Community Services (OHCS), the Oregon Department of Justice (DOJ), and the Oregon Division of Financial Regulation (DFR). The central online hub for homeowners seeking these resources is oregonhomeownerhelp.org.

The Oregon Foreclosure Avoidance Program (OFAP): Your Right to Mediate

For homeowners facing the threat of foreclosure, the Oregon Foreclosure Avoidance Program (OFAP) is the state's most powerful tool for intervention. It is not a financial assistance program but a legally mandated mediation process that provides homeowners with the right to a formal negotiation with their lender.

What is the OFAP?

The OFAP is a mandatory, statewide program created by the Oregon Legislature. It provides a structured and fair process for homeowners and lenders to find an alternative to foreclosure. Before most lenders can initiate a foreclosure, they are legally required to invite the homeowner to a "Resolution Conference". The program's core purpose is to facilitate direct communication and compel a good-faith negotiation aimed at keeping Oregonians in their homes.

Who is Eligible to Participate?

The program is available to a broad range of homeowners in distress. You are eligible to participate if:

• You have received a formal "Notice of Resolution Conference" from your lender.
• You are currently behind on your mortgage payments.
• You are not yet behind on payments but are experiencing a significant financial hardship and wish to proactively request a resolution conference.

The OFAP Process: A Four-Step Walkthrough

The path to a resolution conference is straightforward and designed to be accessible. It involves four key steps.

1. Pay the Fee: A homeowner must pay a participation fee, which ranges from $50 to $175 based on household income. A fee waiver is available for low-income households. Adhering to the payment deadline is critical; failure to pay on time can permit the lender to proceed with foreclosure without a meeting.
2. Meet with a Housing Counselor: This mandatory step is one of the most valuable aspects of the program. Homeowners meet with a certified foreclosure prevention counselor who provides free, expert advice and helps prepare the required documents.
3. Submit Your Documents: With the counselor's help, the homeowner submits financial documents through a secure online portal. This package typically includes proof of income, bank statements, and a hardship letter. Failing to submit documents on time will severely limit the possibility of reaching a successful agreement.
4. Attend the Resolution Conference: This is the formal meeting with the lender, which can be held virtually or in person. The conference is led by a neutral facilitator, and the homeowner has the right to be accompanied by their housing counselor and/or an attorney.

The Resolution Conference: What to Expect

The resolution conference is structured to create a level playing field. By law, the lender must send a representative who possesses the full and complete authority to negotiate and commit to a foreclosure avoidance measure on the spot. This requirement prevents common delay tactics.

Furthermore, before the conference, the lender must provide the homeowner with a comprehensive set of documents about their loan, including a full payment history and an itemized statement of arrears. This transparency allows the homeowner and their counselor to prepare effectively. The neutral facilitator ensures the discussion remains productive and focused on finding a resolution.

Potential Outcomes of the OFAP

While the program does not guarantee a specific outcome, it mandates a structured, good-faith negotiation. Potential resolutions include:

• A loan modification to make payments more affordable.
• A forbearance plan to temporarily pause or reduce payments.
• A repayment plan to catch up on past-due amounts over time.
• A "graceful exit," such as a short sale or a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, which may include a small payment to assist with relocation.

The Most Important First Step: Connecting with a Housing Counselor

Regardless of the path a homeowner pursues, the single most important first step is to connect with a certified housing counselor. This free service is the central pillar of Oregon's foreclosure prevention strategy, providing homeowners with an expert advocate and a clear plan of action.

Why a Housing Counselor is Your Best Ally

Housing counselors are highly trained professionals who specialize in foreclosure prevention, credit counseling, and budgeting. They work for nonprofit agencies approved by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and their services are provided at no cost to the homeowner. A HUD-approved counselor's only objective is to help the homeowner achieve the best possible outcome.

What a HUD-Approved Counselor Does for You

A housing counselor provides comprehensive support that goes far beyond simple advice. Their key functions include:

• Comprehensive Financial Assessment: The counselor conducts a detailed review of the homeowner's complete financial picture to determine what level of mortgage payment is sustainable.
• Explanation of All Options: Based on the assessment, the counselor clearly explains all available foreclosure alternatives, empowering the homeowner to make an informed decision.
• Application Preparation and Submission: A counselor assists in gathering all necessary documents, completing the forms correctly, and submitting a strong, complete package to the mortgage servicer.
• Advocacy and Negotiation: Counselors can communicate and negotiate directly with the lender on the homeowner's behalf, ensuring the case receives proper attention.

The housing counseling network serves as a crucial entry point to the state's entire foreclosure prevention ecosystem. Counselors perform an essential triage function, directing homeowners to the right resource efficiently.

What to Expect and How to Prepare for Your First Meeting

A typical initial counseling session lasts between 60 and 90 minutes. To maximize the value of this meeting, homeowners should try to collect the following items in advance:

• The most recent mortgage statement.
• Proof of income for the last two months.
• The last two years of filed federal tax returns.
• Bank statements for the last two months (all pages).
• A list of all monthly household expenses.
• Statements for any other debts (car loans, credit cards, etc.).
• Any correspondence received from the mortgage lender.

How to Find a Certified Counselor in Oregon

Finding a free, reputable housing counselor is straightforward. Homeowners should use one of these official channels:

• Statewide Hub: Visit oregonhomeownerhelp.org or dial 211 from any phone.
• Oregon Housing and Community Services (OHCS): Call 800-453-5511 for assistance with scheduling an appointment.
• Federal Government Resources: The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) and HUD both provide national, searchable databases of all approved housing counseling agencies.

Understanding Oregon's Foreclosure Landscape

To effectively navigate the available relief options, it is helpful to have a basic understanding of the legal framework for foreclosure in Oregon. The process a lender must follow determines the timeline and the specific intervention points available.

Two Paths to Foreclosure in Oregon

Foreclosure is the legal process by which a lender can seize and sell a property to recover the balance of a loan in default. In Oregon, lenders can pursue one of two distinct paths: nonjudicial foreclosure or judicial foreclosure.

Nonjudicial Foreclosure

This is the most common method used in Oregon because it is faster and less expensive. A nonjudicial foreclosure takes place entirely outside of the court system. The process is governed by a series of legally required notices, including a "Trustee's Notice of Sale," which must be sent at least 120 days before the scheduled auction.

The OFAP was designed specifically to insert a critical checkpoint into this nonjudicial timeline. It creates a mandatory "pause" for a structured, supervised negotiation, ensuring homeowners have a guaranteed opportunity to be heard.

Judicial Foreclosure

A judicial foreclosure is a more traditional process where the lender files a lawsuit against the homeowner. The entire process is managed through the court system, allowing the homeowner to raise legal defenses and have their case heard by a judge. If you receive any legal papers indicating a lawsuit has been filed, it is imperative to seek legal assistance from an attorney as soon as possible.

Protecting Yourself: How to Identify and Avoid Foreclosure Scams

Homeowners in financial distress are often targeted by predatory companies offering fraudulent "foreclosure rescue" services. The Oregon Department of Justice (DOJ) makes it a priority to protect homeowners from this type of fraud.

Red Flags: Warning Signs of a Scam

Be extremely cautious and recognize the warning signs of a potential scam. Be wary of any individual or company that:

• Guarantees to stop a foreclosure.
• Instructs you to stop making payments to your mortgage lender and pay them instead.
• Asks you to transfer or sign over the deed to your property.
• Charges significant upfront fees for services.
• Pressures you to sign documents immediately.
• Claims to have a special relationship with your lender or the government.

Protective Actions: How to Stay Safe

The best defense against scams is to be proactive and informed. Follow these protective measures:

• Work Only with Official, Approved Agencies: Only seek assistance from a HUD-approved housing counseling agency.
• Never Pay Upfront for Counseling: Free, high-quality assistance is available from nonprofit counselors.
• Communicate Directly with Your Lender: Use the contact information on your official mortgage statement.
• Get All Agreements in Writing: Never rely on verbal promises. Insist on a written contract that clearly details all services.

How to Report Suspected Fraud in Oregon

If you believe you have encountered a foreclosure rescue scam, it is vital to report it to the authorities.

• File an Online Complaint: Submit a report using the Oregon DOJ's official Consumer Complaint Form.
• Call the Consumer Protection Hotline: Speak directly with the DOJ by calling 1-877-877-9392.

Additional and Local Mortgage Relief Resources

While the OFAP and housing counselors are the primary statewide resources, some homeowners may be eligible for additional assistance through more localized or specific federal programs.

City of Portland Homeowner Foreclosure Prevention

The Portland Housing Bureau administers a program specifically for low-income residents within the city of Portland. This initiative provides access to foreclosure prevention counseling and may also offer direct financial assistance to help eligible homeowners make payments to their mortgage company, utility company, or tax collector.

Community in Action Programs

Community in Action, a nonprofit organization, has offered several programs to help homeowners. The availability of these programs can vary, so it is best to check with the organization directly. Past programs have included:

• Home Rescue Program: Provided up to one year of mortgage payments, with a maximum benefit of $20,000.
• Principal Reduction and Lien Extinguishment (PR/LE) Program: Offered up to $50,000 to reduce the principal balance of a mortgage for homeowners on a fixed income.
• Preservation Benefit: Provided up to $40,000 to fully reinstate a first-lien mortgage for homeowners who could afford their ongoing payments but had fallen behind.

USDA Section 504 Home Repair Program

For very-low-income homeowners living in eligible rural areas, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers the Section 504 Home Repair program. This program provides:

• Loans of up to $40,000 with a fixed 1% interest rate to repair or modernize a home.
• Grants of up to $10,000 for homeowners aged 62 or older to remove health and safety hazards.

By providing funds for critical repairs, this program can prevent homeowners from having to choose between making their mortgage payment and maintaining a safe living environment.

Summary of Oregon Mortgage Assistance Resources

The array of programs can be confusing. The table below provides a quick, at-a-glance summary of the primary mortgage relief and foreclosure prevention resources available to Oregon homeowners.

Frequently Asked Questions

Securing Boston healthcare for homeless individuals and families is a critical service provided by a network of dedicated organizations across the city. For those facing housing instability, accessing medical, dental, and behavioral health services can feel overwhelming, yet vital support is available.

This resource details the comprehensive care offered by the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program (BHCHP). It also explains how to connect with their services at numerous locations and outlines the broader support system designed to provide dignity, compassion, and a path toward healing for Boston's most vulnerable residents.

The Landscape of Homelessness and Health in Boston

The Scale of the Challenge: A City Under Pressure

The need for specialized healthcare for Boston's homeless population is a growing public health emergency. Greater Boston has the second-highest rate of homelessness among major U.S. cities, with an estimated 801 unhoused people for every 100,000 residents. This figure represents a dramatic 27% increase between 2022 and 2023 alone.

The crisis accelerated into the next year, with the total number of people experiencing homelessness in the area rising by an estimated 67% between January 2023 and January 2024. This surge has placed an immense strain on the city's support systems.

Boston's Unique Shelter System

Despite high rates of homelessness, Boston has one of the lowest rates of unsheltered individuals in the nation. In 2023, only about 6% of the region's unhoused population lacked shelter, compared to the national average of 35%. This is largely due to Massachusetts' long-standing "right to shelter" law, which has historically guaranteed shelter for families with children and pregnant women.

However, the recent surge in demand has forced the state to scale back this guarantee by implementing caps on shelter capacity. This policy shift creates a precarious situation that could lead to a significant increase in the number of people living without shelter, further increasing the demand for street-based medical outreach and emergency services.

The Human Dimensions of the Statistics

Behind these numbers are individuals and families facing profound challenges. In Greater Boston, families constitute nearly 70% of the unhoused population, a stark contrast to the 28% nationwide figure. This means children and youth under 18 experience the highest rates of homelessness of any age group.

The crisis also disproportionately impacts communities of color. Black residents, who make up only 8% of Greater Boston's population, account for over half of its unhoused population. The rate of homelessness for the Black population is approximately 17 times higher than for the white population, a disparity rooted in systemic factors like the housing affordability crisis and historical discrimination.

The Compounding Health Crisis of Being Unhoused

Living without stable housing is a devastating health condition in itself. It triggers and exacerbates a wide range of physical and mental illnesses, leading to a process of accelerated aging where chronic diseases appear prematurely. The daily struggle for survival often overshadows preventative care, allowing common illnesses to progress and injuries to fester.

Data from Boston reveals a stark health crisis among its unhoused population. Compared to housed residents, they report significantly higher rates of:

• Poor or fair general health
• Tobacco use (75% vs. 12%)
• Severe sleep deprivation (64% vs. 38%)

Studies of BHCHP's patient population show that 68% have a diagnosed mental illness, 60% have a substance use disorder, and nearly half—48%—suffer from both simultaneously. This complex web of health issues leads to crisis-driven use of the healthcare system, with more frequent hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits.

This data quantifies the profound health burden carried by Boston's unhoused population. The average annual healthcare cost for a BHCHP patient is more than three times that of an average Medicaid recipient, driven by a nearly seven-fold increase in hospital discharges and a four-fold increase in emergency room visits.

Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program (BHCHP): A Pillar of Community Health

A Mission of Justice, Not Charity

At the heart of Boston's response is the Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program (BHCHP), founded in 1985. BHCHP was established with the conviction that healthcare is a matter of social justice, not charity. Its mission is to ensure access to the highest quality health care for all individuals and families experiencing homelessness.

This justice-based model demands a proactive effort to dismantle barriers to access. BHCHP pioneered a "meet them where they are" approach, establishing a presence directly in shelters, soup kitchens, and on the streets. The program also acts as the "glue" connecting mainstream hospitals with shelters and social service providers, creating a seamless continuum of care.

An Integrated and Accessible Network

BHCHP has built a vast and deeply integrated service delivery network. The program serves nearly 10,000 individuals each year through a team of over 600 staff members across more than 30 clinic sites in Greater Boston.

This network ensures continuity of care by stretching across the community, with clinics embedded in over 80 shelters and day programs. BHCHP also integrates different levels of the healthcare system, operating clinics within major medical centers like Massachusetts General Hospital and Boston Medical Center to connect patients from street outreach to emergency rooms and post-hospital care.

A Legacy of Innovation

BHCHP has long been a national leader in developing new models of care for vulnerable populations. This legacy of innovation includes several key milestones:

• Electronic Medical Records (1996): BHCHP was the first homeless organization in the country to implement a computerized electronic medical record (EMR) system, ensuring continuity of care for a mobile population.
• Medical Respite (1985): The program pioneered the nation's first medical respite facility, a model of post-hospital care that has since been replicated in over 70 communities.

Core Medical and Support Services Available Through BHCHP

BHCHP provides a comprehensive suite of services designed to address the full spectrum of health needs among individuals and families experiencing homelessness.

Primary Medical Care: The Foundation of Health

High-quality primary medical care is the foundation of BHCHP's work. Services are comprehensive and cover all stages of life, including:

• Preventative Care: Vaccinations for children and adults, including flu shots and COVID-19 boosters.
• Chronic Disease Management: Screenings and ongoing treatment for conditions like diabetes, asthma, hypertension, and HIV.
• Acute Care: Treatment for injuries, infections, and other immediate health concerns.
• Specialized Screenings: Vision exams and cancer screenings.

Care is delivered in a way that actively dismantles barriers. Clinicians meet patients where they are—in a shelter, on the street, or at a walk-in clinic—to build long-term, trusting relationships. BHCHP also covers the costs of care and medications not covered by insurance, ensuring finances are never an obstacle to treatment.

Behavioral Health and Substance Use Support

Physical and mental well-being are inextricably linked, a reality central to BHCHP's model. The program provides fully integrated behavioral health services delivered by providers experienced in trauma-informed care. This "wrap around care" model addresses a patient's complex needs holistically.

Services include:

• Psychiatric Care: Assessment, diagnosis, and treatment for a wide range of mental health conditions.
• Trauma-Informed Counseling: Support for the psychological trauma often associated with homelessness.
• Office-Based Addiction Treatment (OBAT): A program offering Medication-Assisted Treatment for substance use disorders within a harm-reduction framework.

Essential Dental and Vision Services

Dental and vision care are critical to overall health and quality of life. BHCHP provides direct dental and oral health services and facilitates referrals to vision care specialists, ensuring these essential needs are met.

Case Management: Navigating the System

BHCHP's case managers serve as crucial guides and advocates, helping patients navigate the complex health and social service systems. They coordinate medical care, ensure appointments are kept, and provide a critical link to essential city and state social services. This includes assistance with applying for MassHealth and providing transportation vouchers to eliminate common barriers to care.

Medical Respite Care: A Safe Place to Heal

What is Medical Respite?

One of BHCHP's most significant innovations is its pioneering work in medical respite care. This model addresses a dangerous gap in the healthcare system: when a person experiencing homelessness is discharged from a hospital but is too sick to recover on the streets or in a shelter.

Medical respite provides a safe, clean, and supportive environment for individuals to recuperate after a hospital stay. This short-term residential program combines clinical oversight with case management, forming a therapeutic bridge from the hospital back to the community. This intervention interrupts the cycle of street-to-hospital-to-street, reduces hospital readmissions, and lowers overall healthcare costs.

BHCHP's Flagship Respite Programs

BHCHP is home to the nation's first and largest medical respite program, which has inspired dozens of similar programs across the country.

• Barbara McInnis House: This 104-bed facility is the cornerstone of BHCHP's respite services, providing 24/7 care to over 1,100 patients each year. Patients receive nursing care, meals, and integrated behavioral health and dental services.
• Stacy Kirkpatrick House: This smaller, 20-bed facility serves as a transitional step for patients who no longer require intensive 24/7 care but are not yet ready to return to a shelter.

Dignified End-of-Life Care

A profoundly compassionate service offered at the Barbara McInnis House is end-of-life care for terminally ill individuals. This ensures that people who have endured life on the street can spend their final days in a warm bed, safe and comfortable, and cared for by a compassionate team.

How to Access Care: A Practical Step-by-Step

For individuals experiencing homelessness or those assisting them, knowing how to get help is the most critical first step. BHCHP is committed to making this process as simple as possible.

Becoming a Patient at BHCHP

The program is open to anyone experiencing homelessness in the Greater Boston area.

• For New Patients: Call the new patient line at 857-654-1605 or visit the main clinic in person at Jean Yawkey Place, 780 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118.
• For Existing Patients After Hours: Call the after-hours line at 781-221-6565.

Key Clinic Locations and Partners

BHCHP operates at dozens of sites, with several key locations serving as major hubs for care.

• Main Clinic (Jean Yawkey Place): 780 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118.
• Pine Street Inn Men's Clinic: 444 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02118. Phone: 857-654-1850.
• St. Francis House Clinic (Marie L. Arky Medical Clinic): 39 Boylston Street, Boston, MA 02116. Phone: 857-654-1501.
• New England Center and Home for Veterans (NECHV): A dedicated clinic providing trauma-informed care for veterans.
• Shattuck Shelter Clinic: 170 Morton Street, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130. Phone: 617-983-0351.

What to Expect: Your Rights and Privacy

BHCHP operates with a strict commitment to patient rights and confidentiality to build trust.

• Privacy: BHCHP is legally obligated to protect the personal privacy and health information of every patient. Information is never shared without explicit written permission, a court order, or a subpoena.
• Immigration Status: Care is provided to everyone, regardless of immigration status. This information is only used to determine eligibility for benefits like MassHealth and is never shared with immigration enforcement.
• Insurance: For those without insurance, BHCHP staff provide direct assistance in applying for MassHealth to ensure care is covered.

The Broader Collaborative Network for Homeless Services in Boston

BHCHP is the medical anchor of a collaborative ecosystem of city, state, and non-profit organizations working together to address homelessness in Boston.

City and State-Level Coordination

Several key public entities coordinate the overall strategy and funding for the system.

• Mayor's Office of Housing (MOH): This city department is the lead agency for Boston's Continuum of Care (CoC), a regional body that coordinates housing and services funding for homeless individuals and families.
• Boston Public Health Commission (BPHC): This agency operates some of the city's largest 24/7 emergency shelters and coordinates vital public health initiatives, including harm reduction and behavioral health outreach.
• Boston Coordinated Care Hub: This consortium, led by BHCHP, brings together nine community-based organizations to deliver highly coordinated care to the most vulnerable individuals.

Essential Partners in Care and Shelter

A dedicated group of non-profit partners carries out the day-to-day work of serving Boston's unhoused population.

• Pine Street Inn: A cornerstone of the city's emergency response, Pine Street Inn provides over 500 shelter beds nightly and runs a street outreach program that operates 365 nights a year, offering food, clothing, and crucial healthcare referrals.
• St. Francis House: As New England's largest day shelter, St. Francis House provides essential services like meals, showers, and clothing to up to 500 individuals daily. It also hosts the on-site Marie L. Arky Medical Clinic, operated by BHCHP, making healthcare radically accessible.
• New England Center and Home for Veterans (NECHV): This partner focuses exclusively on the needs of veterans experiencing homelessness, hosting a dedicated BHCHP clinic to provide integrated, trauma-informed care.

This interconnected network creates a "no wrong door" approach to services. A person's journey to stability can begin anywhere within this system, with functional, integrated pathways guiding Boston's most vulnerable residents from crisis toward health and housing.

 Frequently Asked Questions

For Oklahoma homeowners facing financial hardship, finding a reliable mortgage relief program is a critical step toward securing their housing stability. While the primary state-wide resource, the Oklahoma Homeowner Assistance Fund, has recently changed its operational status, numerous other avenues for support remain available.

Navigating these options requires clear, current, and accurate information. The focus now shifts from a single, centralized fund to a broader landscape of federal, state, local, and tribal programs designed to prevent foreclosure and provide sustainable solutions for homeowners in distress.

Oklahoma Mortgage Relief: Current Status of the Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF)

It is essential for homeowners to be aware of the current status of the state's primary relief initiative. The application portal for the Oklahoma Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF), administered by the Oklahoma Housing Finance Agency (OHFA), officially closed to all new applications on Wednesday, March 20, 2024.

This step was taken to ensure that the available funds could be allocated effectively to the thousands of applications already received without overcommitting the program's resources.

Origins and Impact of the HAF Program

The HAF program was a significant lifeline for many Oklahomans. Established as part of the federal American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, the initiative provided nearly $10 billion from the U.S. Department of the Treasury to states, U.S. Territories, and Tribal governments. The core purpose of these funds was to help homeowners who experienced financial hardship due to the COVID-19 pandemic prevent mortgage delinquencies, defaults, and foreclosures.

In Oklahoma, the program had a substantial impact. As of February 2024, HAF had granted $44.9 million in assistance to 2,811 approved applicants across 68 of the state's 77 counties. The average award per household was approximately $16,000, providing critical funds for mortgage reinstatement, principal reduction, and delinquent property taxes.

For HAF Applicants: Checking Your Application Status and What to Expect

For homeowners who successfully submitted an application before the March 20, 2024, deadline, the review process is ongoing. OHFA continues to evaluate all submitted applications, including those under appeal. Funding will be disbursed to eligible applicants until all program funds are expended, which may continue until the federal deadline of September 30, 2026.

How to Check Your Application Status

Applicants should actively monitor their application's progress through the official channels provided by OHFA.

• Online Portal: The most direct way to check a status is by logging into the HAF application portal at www.ohfa.org/haf.
• Phone Support: For direct assistance, applicants can contact the HAF Customer Service team at 833-208-2535 (Toll-Free) or 405-419-8202 (Local).
• Email Support: Inquiries can also be directed to the HAF team via email at hafapps@ohfa.org.

Understanding Application Statuses

The HAF portal uses several specific terms to describe an application's stage in the review process. Understanding these statuses can help manage expectations.

• Application Submitted: The application has been received and is in the queue for review.
• Under Specialist Review: The case is assigned to a HAF Specialist for initial eligibility review.
• More Info Needed – Instructions Sent to Email: The application is missing required information. The applicant must check their email for instructions.
• Communicating with Servicer: HAF is working with the mortgage servicer to confirm details. This is often the most time-consuming part of the process.
• Paid / Paid in Full: The application is approved, and payment has been sent to the mortgage servicer or other approved vendors.

Special Circumstances: Facing Foreclosure

If a homeowner submitted a HAF application by the deadline and has since received a foreclosure notice, they should immediately contact HAF Customer Service at 833-208-2535. Cases with a filed foreclosure are prioritized for review.

Immediate Steps for Homeowners Needing Mortgage Help Now

For homeowners who missed the HAF deadline or are newly facing financial distress, taking immediate action is crucial. The period after a missed payment is a critical window for finding solutions.

Step 1: Contact Your Mortgage Servicer Immediately

The single most important first step is to contact your mortgage servicer—the company that collects your payments. Foreclosure is a costly and lengthy process that servicers prefer to avoid, so they are often willing to work with homeowners who communicate their situation early.

Before calling, locate the servicer's phone number on your monthly statement. Be prepared to explain your financial hardship and provide basic details about your income and expenses. This conversation begins the formal "loss mitigation" process, which explores options to avoid foreclosure.

Step 2: Connect with a Free, HUD-Approved Housing Counselor

You do not have to navigate this complex process alone. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) sponsors a network of non-profit housing counseling agencies that provide expert guidance at no cost. A HUD-approved counselor is a certified professional who acts as your advocate.

A housing counselor can help by:

• Creating a personalized action plan.
• Explaining loss mitigation options in clear, understandable terms.
• Helping organize and complete the necessary paperwork.
• Participating in three-way calls with you and your servicer to facilitate negotiations.

Immediate, 24/7 access to this support is available through the Homeowner's HOPE Hotline at 888-995-HOPE (4673). You can also find a local agency through the official HUD Counselor Locator tool online.

Step 3: Gather Your Financial Documents

Gathering financial documents in advance will significantly speed up the assistance process. The required paperwork is consistent across most programs.

• Recent mortgage statements.
• Proof of income for all household members (e.g., pay stubs, tax returns, W-2s).
• A government-issued photo ID and Social Security card.
• A written statement explaining the financial hardship.
• Proof of primary residence, such as a recent utility bill.

Foreclosure Prevention Programs and Resources in Oklahoma

A network of federal, state, and non-profit programs exists to provide targeted assistance and foreclosure prevention services to Oklahoma homeowners.

Federal Mortgage Assistance Programs

Many mortgages are backed by the federal government, which provides access to specialized assistance programs.

• FHA Loans (HUD): The HUD National Servicing Center (NSC), with offices in Oklahoma City and Tulsa, helps homeowners with FHA-insured loans avoid foreclosure. Contact the FHA Resource Center at   1-800-CALLFHA (1-800-225-5342).
• VA Loans: The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs offers robust support for eligible veterans, service members, and surviving spouses. The VA can intervene with the mortgage servicer to explore options. Information is available on the VA's housing assistance website.
• Fannie Mae & Freddie Mac: These government-sponsored enterprises own a large percentage of conventional mortgages. Homeowners can use their official loan look-up tools to see if their loan is owned by one of them and explore available assistance.

State and Non-Profit Legal and Counseling Assistance

Several Oklahoma-based organizations provide invaluable legal support and advocacy.

• Legal Aid Services of Oklahoma, Inc.: This non-profit law firm provides free civil legal assistance to eligible low-income Oklahomans, including foreclosure defense and help with loan modifications.  
• Neighborhood Housing Services Oklahoma (NHSOKLA): As a HUD-certified agency, NHSOKLA offers confidential foreclosure prevention counseling and acts as an advocate for homeowners. They can be reached at (405) 231-HOME.

Local and Tribal Mortgage Assistance Opportunities

Assistance in Oklahoma is often geographically or demographically targeted. Understanding these local programs is essential, as they represent vital resources that might otherwise be overlooked.

County-Specific Programs

Some counties operate their own emergency assistance programs through local community action agencies.

• Community Action Agency of Oklahoma City (CAA of OKC): This agency provides an Emergency Rent/Mortgage Assistance program for residents of Oklahoma and Canadian counties. Eligibility is based on income and a documented emergency. Contact their office at   405-232-0199 to inquire about fund availability.

Tribal Nation Programs

Sovereign Tribal Nations within Oklahoma received their own direct allocations of HAF money and operate distinct programs for their citizens. These programs may still be accepting applications.

• Housing Authority of the Cherokee Nation (HACN): The Cherokee Nation offers a HAF program to assist eligible citizens who own a home within the reservation boundaries. Contact HACN at   918-456-5482 for more information.
• Housing Authority of the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma (HASNOK): HASNOK administers a HAF program for eligible Seminole Nation tribal homeowners and other Native American families in their service area. For details, contact the Housing Authority at   (405) 257-6604.

Understanding Your Loss Mitigation Options

"Loss mitigation" refers to the specific tools used to avoid foreclosure. These options generally fall into two categories: home retention and non-retention.

Retention Options (Staying in Your Home)

These options are designed to help you catch up on payments and remain in your property.

• Forbearance: A temporary agreement to pause or reduce payments for a specific period. Missed amounts must be repaid later.
• Repayment Plan: Allows you to catch up on delinquent payments over an extended period by adding a portion of the past-due amount to your regular monthly payment.
• Deferment/Partial Claim: Takes the total missed payments and sets them aside as a non-interest-bearing balance due at the end of the loan term.
• Loan Modification: A permanent change to your loan terms to make monthly payments more affordable, such as reducing the interest rate or extending the repayment term.

Non-Retention Options (Leaving Your Home Without Foreclosure)

If keeping the home is not sustainable, these options provide a way to transition out of the property while avoiding the severe credit damage of a foreclosure.

• Short Sale: The lender agrees to let you sell the property for less than the total amount owed on the mortgage.
• Deed-in-Lieu of Foreclosure: You voluntarily transfer the property title back to the lender in exchange for a release from the mortgage obligation.

Warning: Avoiding Foreclosure Rescue Scams

Desperate situations can make homeowners vulnerable to predatory scams. It is critical to recognize the warning signs.

• Anyone asking for a fee in advance to work with your lender.
• Guarantees that they can stop a foreclosure.
• Instructions to stop making mortgage payments and pay them instead.
• Pressure to sign over the deed or sign paperwork you don't understand.

Legitimate help is available for free from HUD-approved housing counseling agencies. You should never pay for foreclosure prevention services.

The Role of Bankruptcy in Preventing Foreclosure

When foreclosure is imminent and other options have been exhausted, bankruptcy can be a powerful legal tool to save a home. This decision has significant financial consequences and should not be taken lightly.

Introducing Chapter 13 Bankruptcy

For homeowners, the most relevant form of bankruptcy is Chapter 13, a "reorganization" bankruptcy. Its primary benefit is the  automatic stay. The moment a Chapter 13 petition is filed, a legal injunction immediately halts all collection actions, including any pending foreclosure sale.

How Chapter 13 Works for Homeowners

Under Chapter 13, a homeowner proposes a three-to-five-year repayment plan to the court. This plan allows them to catch up on past-due mortgage payments over time. During the plan, the homeowner must also resume making their regular, ongoing mortgage payments to the servicer.

Crucial Caveats and Recommendations

Bankruptcy is a complex legal proceeding with long-term effects on credit. It is not a do-it-yourself process. Any homeowner considering this path should seek a consultation with a qualified Oklahoma bankruptcy attorney. For income-eligible individuals, Legal Aid Services of Oklahoma may be able to provide free legal representation.

Frequently Asked Questions

For homeowners seeking an Ohio mortgage relief program, understanding the current landscape of available assistance is the first step toward financial stability. The state's primary initiative, the Save the Dream Ohio program, was created to help those impacted by economic hardship.

It is essential to know that as of October 31, 2023, the Mortgage Assistance component of this program is no longer accepting new applications. While this direct mortgage aid has concluded, significant help remains available. The program's Utility Assistance Plus (UAP) component is still active, offering financial support for utility bills, property taxes, and other housing costs. A robust network of free, professional resources, including U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)-approved housing counselors, also provides a clear path forward.

The Current Status of the Save the Dream Ohio Program

The Save the Dream Ohio program was established with a $280 million allocation from the U.S. Department of the Treasury's Homeowner Assistance Fund (HAF), part of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021. Administered by the Ohio Housing Finance Agency (OHFA), the initiative was designed with two distinct components to address different aspects of housing insecurity.

Mortgage Assistance Component: Applications Are Closed

The Mortgage Assistance component was designed to provide substantial relief by making payments directly to mortgage servicers on behalf of eligible Ohioans. This aid could be used to bring a delinquent first mortgage current and cover up to six months of future payments, with a maximum of $25,000 per household.

To qualify, homeowners needed to demonstrate a COVID-19-related financial hardship and meet specific income thresholds. The program was a critical lifeline for over 18,000 Ohio homeowners. However, due to overwhelming demand, OHFA officially closed the application portal on October 31, 2023. No new applications for direct mortgage payment assistance are being accepted through this program.

Utility Assistance Plus (UAP) Program: Help Is Still Available

While mortgage-specific aid has ended, the Utility Assistance Plus (UAP) program remains an active and vital resource for eligible homeowners. This program focuses on alleviating the burden of other essential housing-related costs that can contribute to financial instability and the risk of foreclosure.

What is the Utility Assistance Plus Program?

The UAP program is administered on behalf of OHFA by a statewide network of local non-profit organizations, primarily Community Action Agencies. Homeowners apply through the designated agency serving their county, not directly to OHFA. This local approach ensures residents connect with partners in their communities who are familiar with local needs and resources.

What Types of Assistance Can You Receive?

The UAP program provides up to $10,000 in total assistance per qualifying household. Payments are made directly to the service providers, not the homeowner.

Covered expenses include:

• Utility Bills: Payments for natural gas, electric, water, and sewer.
• Bulk Fuel: Assistance for propane, fuel oil, coal, wood, and other bulk energy sources.
• Internet Service: Payments for broadband internet.
• Property Charges: Financial aid for delinquent, non-escrowed property taxes and fees owed to homeowner or condominium associations.
• Other Costs: Coverage for trash removal and associated disconnection or reconnection fees.

Who is Eligible for UAP?

To qualify for the UAP program, you must meet the following requirements:

1. Be a homeowner and occupy the property as your primary residence in Ohio.
2. Have experienced a financial hardship related to the COVID-19 pandemic after January 21, 2020. This can include a loss of income or an increase in living expenses.
3. Meet the program's annual household income limits, which are at or below 150% of the Area Median Income (AMI).

The income limits are adjusted for household size. The following table outlines the maximum annual household income to qualify:

How to Apply for the UAP Program

The application process for UAP is handled at the local level.

1. Find Your Local Agency: Use the Ohio Association of Community Action Agencies (OACAA) official directory to find the agency that serves your county. The directory can be found at https://oacaa.org/find-an-agency/.
2. Contact the Agency: Reach out to your local agency to inquire about the UAP program, confirm your eligibility, and learn about their specific application process.
3. Prepare Documentation: You will likely need to provide documentation to support your application, such as proof of income, copies of past-due bills, and a form attesting to your financial hardship.

Your Most Critical Next Step for Mortgage Help: Contact a Free Housing Counselor

With the state's direct mortgage relief program closed, the single most important action a homeowner facing payment difficulties can take is to contact a HUD-approved housing counseling agency. These services are provided by certified professionals at no cost to the homeowner and are designed to provide expert, unbiased guidance.

Why a HUD-Approved Housing Counselor is Your Best Resource

HUD-approved housing counselors are federally certified professionals who are required to act in your best interest. They work for non-profit agencies, not lenders, and their services are funded by government and private grants, which is why they are always free. This is a crucial distinction from for-profit "foreclosure rescue" companies that often charge high fees for services that are available for free.

You do not need to be behind on your payments to seek help. If you are worried about your future ability to pay, a counselor can help you prepare and explore options before you become delinquent.

How a Housing Counselor Can Help You

A certified housing counselor is a financial guide and an expert advocate. They are trained to:

• Provide a Confidential Financial Assessment: The counselor will work with you to create a detailed household budget to get a clear picture of your income and expenses.
• Act as an Expert Liaison with Your Lender: A counselor can speak with your lender's loss mitigation department on your behalf, ensuring your case is heard.
• Explain All Available Options: They will demystify complex terminology and clearly explain the pros and cons of each potential solution, such as forbearance or loan modification.
• Assist with Applications: A counselor will guide you through the application process to ensure it is completed correctly and submitted with all necessary documentation.
• Navigate the Foreclosure Process: If foreclosure proceedings have begun, a counselor can explain the legal timeline in Ohio, clarify your rights, and help you understand what to expect.

How to Find a HUD-Approved Housing Counseling Agency in Ohio

Finding a certified and reputable housing counselor is straightforward using official government resources.

• U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD): Use HUD's online search portal to find approved agencies by state or zip code at https://www.hud.gov/findacounselor.
• Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB): The CFPB also offers a reliable search tool at consumerfinance.gov/mortgage help.
• Toll-Free Hotline: For a referral over the phone, call HUD's housing counseling hotline at 800-569-4287.

Proven Strategies to Avoid Foreclosure in Ohio

Beyond seeking professional counseling, there are established strategies that can help homeowners resolve mortgage delinquency. These options, known as loss mitigation, are programs offered by mortgage servicers to help borrowers through financial hardship.

The First Rule: Communicate with Your Mortgage Servicer

The moment you anticipate having trouble making a mortgage payment, contact your lender or mortgage servicer. Lenders are generally motivated to avoid foreclosure, as it is a costly process. Early and honest communication opens the door to potential solutions.

When you call, ask to speak with the "Loss Mitigation Department". This is the specialized team responsible for working with borrowers to find alternatives to foreclosure. Be prepared to explain your financial situation and have recent income documents available.

Understanding Your Loss Mitigation Options

A housing counselor can help you determine which loss mitigation option is best suited for your circumstances. The most common options are detailed below.

Critical Warning: Avoid Foreclosure Rescue Scams

Homeowners in financial distress are often targeted by fraudulent companies. It is imperative to remember that legitimate foreclosure assistance is always free. The Ohio Attorney General's office warns consumers to be wary of any company that engages in these deceptive practices.

Be on alert for these common red flags of a foreclosure rescue scam:

• They guarantee they can stop a foreclosure.
• They demand a large upfront fee before providing any services.
• They instruct you to stop paying your mortgage servicer and pay them instead.
• They pressure you to sign paperwork you haven't had time to read or don't fully understand.

If you encounter a company you believe is a scam, you can report it to the Ohio Attorney General's Help Center at 800-282-0515.

Key Ohio Housing and Financial Resources

Several official state and federal organizations serve as a safe harbor of reliable information and support for Ohioans.

• Ohio Housing Finance Agency (OHFA): As the state's leading affordable housing authority, OHFA administers a wide range of programs. Their website, https://ohiohome.org/, is a central resource for state housing information.
• U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD): The HUD website provides extensive resources on homeownership and avoiding foreclosure. The portal for Ohio-specific information can be found at https://www.hud.gov/states/ohio.
• Ohio Legal Services: For low-income homeowners who need legal assistance with a foreclosure action, Ohio Legal Services can provide free legal help. They can be reached at 866-LAW-OHIO (529-6446).
• 2-1-1 Ohio: This is a free, confidential referral service that connects people to local health and human services, including utility assistance and food banks. You can access this service by dialing 2-1-1 from any phone.

 Frequently Asked Questions