Texas Electric Bill Assistance: Programs and Relief Options

Facing high electricity bills can be a significant source of financial stress for many Texas households. When budgets are tight, the threat of a disconnection notice adds to the pressure, leaving families to make difficult choices between keeping the lights on and affording other necessities. Fortunately, a robust network of Texas electric bill assistance programs exists to provide relief.

Support is available through statewide government initiatives, direct payment arrangements from utility providers, and the dedicated work of local charities. These resources are designed to help Texans manage energy costs, prevent service interruptions, and achieve long-term stability. This resource provides a direct and clear path to understanding and accessing the help available in your community.

Immediate Steps for Emergency Electric Bill Assistance

When facing an urgent situation, such as a pending disconnection of your electricity service, taking immediate and strategic action is crucial. The most effective approach involves pursuing two paths simultaneously: direct negotiation with your utility provider for a temporary reprieve and initiating the application process for longer-term financial aid through state and local programs.

Contact Your Utility Provider

The very first step should be to contact your electricity provider directly. Do not wait for the disconnection date to pass. Utility companies in Texas, including major providers like TXU Energy, Reliant Energy, and Entergy Texas, have established processes to help customers experiencing financial hardship. When you call, specifically ask to discuss a payment extension or a deferred payment plan. 

• A payment extension can give you a few extra days or weeks to pay your balance in full, pushing back the disconnection date and providing critical breathing room.
• A deferred payment plan is a longer-term solution that allows you to pay an outstanding balance in installments over several months, which are added to your future bills.

Securing one of these arrangements is the fastest way to prevent a service interruption. This action provides a temporary safety net, giving you the valuable time needed to apply for more substantial assistance from an outside agency.

Dial 2-1-1 for Local Resources

While you are negotiating with your provider, your second immediate action should be to dial 2-1-1. The 2-1-1 Texas program is a free, confidential information and referral service operated by the Texas Health and Human Services Commission. By dialing 2-1-1 or 877-541-7905, you will be connected to a trained specialist who can identify emergency assistance agencies and programs in your specific zip code.

You can also search their database online at 211texas.org. This service is the central hub for social services in the state. It is the most reliable way to find the local organization designated to administer utility assistance funds in your area.

Ask About Crisis Assistance

Finally, it is important to understand that many government programs have specific components designed for emergencies. The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) and the Texas Comprehensive Energy Assistance Program (CEAP) both include a Crisis Assistance component. This part of the program is specifically for households that have already been disconnected or are in immediate danger of losing service. When you speak with a 2-1-1 operator or a local agency, be sure to clearly state that you are facing a crisis to be directed to the most appropriate and fastest-acting resources.

Statewide Government Programs for Utility Relief

Texas residents have access to several foundational government-funded programs designed to alleviate the burden of high energy costs. These programs are funded federally and administered at the state and local levels, offering everything from direct bill payment assistance to long-term energy efficiency improvements. Understanding how these programs work and relate to one another is the first step toward securing the support you need.

The Comprehensive Energy Assistance Program (CEAP)

The Comprehensive Energy Assistance Program (CEAP) is the primary state-level utility assistance program in Texas. Administered by the Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs (TDHCA), CEAP is designed to help low-income households meet their immediate energy needs. The program integrates all funds from the federal LIHEAP program to provide a unified service that enhances efficiency and prevents duplication of services.

CEAP offers several forms of assistance:

• Direct Utility Bill Payments: The program can make payments directly to your energy provider to reduce your outstanding balance.
• Crisis Assistance: As mentioned, CEAP provides emergency assistance to households facing disconnection, helping to resolve the immediate crisis.
• Appliance Repair and Replacement: For vulnerable households (those with elderly members, persons with disabilities, or young children), CEAP funds may be used for the service, repair, or even replacement of inefficient or inoperable heating and cooling systems, with assistance potentially reaching up to $7,500 in certain circumstances.
• Energy Education: The program also aims to help consumers control their energy costs in the long term by providing valuable energy education and budget counseling.

A critical aspect of CEAP is its administration. The TDHCA does not accept applications directly from individuals. Instead, the program is administered through a statewide network of local nonprofit organizations and community action agencies, often referred to as "subrecipients". Therefore, to apply for CEAP, you must connect with the designated service provider in your county.

The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)

The Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) is a federally funded block grant program managed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. It is essential to understand that LIHEAP is the funding source for Texas's CEAP, not a separate program you apply for directly in Texas. The federal government provides LIHEAP funds to the states, and Texas uses this money to operate CEAP.

LIHEAP funds are intended to help low-income families with energy costs, including heating, cooling, and energy-related home repairs. General eligibility is determined at the federal level, typically for households with incomes at or below 150% of the federal poverty level or 60% of the state median income. Households where one or more members receive other federal benefits, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Supplemental Security Income (SSI), or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), may also be eligible.

The Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP)

The Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP) offers a proactive, long-term solution to high energy bills by addressing the root cause: home energy inefficiency. Rather than providing a one-time payment, WAP provides free home energy upgrades to low-income households, which can lead to significant and lasting reductions in monthly utility costs. This program is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and, in Texas, is often coordinated with LIHEAP/CEAP services.

Services provided through WAP are determined by a professional energy audit of your home and may include:

• Adding ceiling, wall, and floor insulation.
• Caulking and weather-stripping doors and windows.
• Patching holes in the building envelope.
• Tune-up, repair, or replacement of inefficient heating and cooling systems.

Like CEAP, the Weatherization Assistance Program is delivered through local community action agencies and nonprofits across Texas. If you are eligible for CEAP, you may also be eligible for WAP, and you can apply through the same local organization.

Texas Utility Help

Separate from the locally administered programs, the Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs (TDHCA) also operates Texas Utility Help, a program that accepts applications directly from qualified homeowners and renters. This federally funded program was established to provide relief for energy bills, including past-due payments for electricity, natural gas, and propane.

Qualified applicants can receive significant assistance, including up to $2,400 in prospective payments for future bills. To qualify, a household's income must be at or below 150% of the Federal Poverty Income Guidelines, and at least one member of the household must be a U.S. citizen or qualified non-citizen. Applications are accepted online through a dedicated portal at texasutilityhelp.com. For questions, the program's call center can be reached at 855-566-2057.

How to Apply: A Universal Step-by-Step Process

Navigating the application process for utility assistance can seem daunting, but most programs in Texas follow a similar structure and require the same core information. The entire system is built upon a network of local agencies, and connecting with the correct one is the most important step. A common reason for application delays or rejections is incomplete paperwork, particularly the failure to provide documentation for every person living in the home. By preparing thoroughly, you can streamline the process and improve your chances of receiving timely assistance.

Step 1: Locate Your Designated Local Agency

With the exception of the direct-application Texas Utility Help program, nearly all government-funded assistance is accessed through a local organization in your county. You will not apply for CEAP or WAP on a state government website. The state's role is to fund and oversee these local agencies; your entire application process will happen with one of them.

There are two primary tools to find your designated provider:

• TDHCA Help for Texans: The official portal from the Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs is the most authoritative source. Visit the "Help for Texans" page on the TDHCA website. You will be prompted to select the type of help you need (choose "Utility Bill Payment Help") and then enter your city or county. The tool will then provide the name, address, and phone number of the organization(s) serving your area.
• 2-1-1 Texas: As mentioned for emergency situations, dialing 2-1-1 or visiting 211texas.org is an excellent alternative. The specialists can look up your local CEAP provider and other community resources based on your address.

Step 2: Verify Eligibility Requirements

Before you begin gathering documents, confirm that your household meets the general eligibility criteria. While each local agency may have slight variations, the core requirements are consistent across the state.

• Income: The most common requirement is that your household's gross (pre-tax) income must be at or below 150% of the Federal Poverty Income Guidelines. These income limits are based on the number of people in your household and are updated annually. For example, based on recent guidelines, the annual income limits are:
  • 1 person: $23,475
  • 2 people: $31,725
  • 3 people: $39,975
  • 4 people: $48,225
• Household Status: Priority is consistently given to the most vulnerable households. This includes those with at least one member who is an older adult (typically age 60 and over), a person with a disability, or a family with young children (age five or under).
• Citizenship/Residency: To receive federal benefits, at least one person in the household must be a U.S. citizen or a qualified non-citizen with legal residency status.

Step 3: Gather All Required Documents

This is the most labor-intensive but critical part of the process. Your application will be considered incomplete and will be delayed or denied if you do not provide all the necessary paperwork. A crucial point that is often overlooked is that you must provide proof of identity and citizenship for every adult, child, and infant living in your home, not just the primary applicant or adults.

Use the following as a master checklist for the documents you will likely need:

• Proof of Identity for ALL household members: This can include a valid, unexpired Texas Driver's License or ID, a U.S. Passport, a Military ID, a Permanent Resident Card, or a Matrícula Consular. For children, a birth certificate, school ID, or shot record may be accepted.
• Proof of Citizenship or Legal Residency for ALL household members: This requires specific documents such as a U.S. Birth Certificate, U.S. Passport, Certificate of Naturalization, or a Permanent Resident Card.
• Proof of Income for the last 30 days for ALL household members age 18 and older: This includes consecutive pay stubs, a current year award letter for Social Security, SSI, or VA Disability benefits, a statement of unemployment benefits, a child support payment summary, or a benefit letter for SNAP or TANF. If a household member is 18 or older and has no income, you will likely need to complete and sign a "Declaration of Income Statement" form provided by the agency.
• Current Electric Bill: You must provide a complete copy of your most recent utility bill, including all pages (front and back). The bill must clearly show your name, service address, account number, and the billing details.
• Disconnection Notice: If you have received one, include a copy with your application, as this will flag your case for crisis processing.

Step 4: Submit Your Application and Follow Up

Once you have located your agency and gathered your documents, you can submit your application. The method will depend on your local agency's procedures. Some may have modern online portals, while others rely on mail-in paper applications or require an in-person appointment.

Be prepared for processing times to take several weeks, or even longer in high-demand areas. After submitting, you may be able to check your application status online or by calling the agency directly.

Assistance Programs from Major Texas Electricity Providers

In addition to government programs, Texas's major retail electricity providers (REPs) offer their own suite of assistance options. These range from flexible payment arrangements to dedicated charitable funds designed to help their customers through difficult times. Often, these company-specific programs have more flexible eligibility criteria than the strict income-based government programs, providing a crucial "second chance" for households that may not qualify for CEAP but still need help. If you are a customer of one of these companies, exploring their offerings should be a key part of your strategy.

TXU Energy

TXU Energy provides several avenues for customers needing payment assistance, headlined by its long-standing charitable fund, TXU Energy Aid℠.

• TXU Energy Aid℠: This program uses donations from customers, employees, and the company to help thousands of Texas families pay their electricity bills each year. Assistance is distributed through a network of social service agencies. To access these funds, customers should call 2-1-1 or visit 211texas.org to find the partner agency in their area. A key feature of this program is that applicants do not have to meet federal poverty guidelines to be eligible, making it an option for those facing a temporary hardship who might not qualify for CEAP. The program also has a specific component to provide bill-payment assistance to military veterans injured in combat who are unable to regulate their body temperature.
• Payment Extensions and Deferred Payment Plans: For more immediate needs, TXU Energy offers flexible payment options. A payment extension allows you to push back your due date to avoid disconnection. A deferred payment plan lets you pay off a large balance in monthly installments. Customers can inquire about these options by calling TXU's 24/7 customer service line at 800-242-9113 or by logging into their MyAccount portal online.
• Other Assistance: TXU may waive deposit requirements for certain customers, including those 55 or older, victims of family violence, or those who are medically indigent. For customers on SNAP or Medicaid, late penalty fees may be waived.

Reliant Energy

Reliant Energy supports its customers through its CARE program and standard payment flexibility options.

• Community Assistance by Reliant Energy (CARE) Program: The CARE program is Reliant's primary financial assistance initiative, funded by the company and customer donations. Like TXU's program, funds are distributed through a statewide network of partner agencies. The application process is unique: customers should call 2-1-1 to find a local agency. If a customer does not meet the standard federal income guidelines, they should specifically state that they are a Reliant customer and ask for agencies that have CARE funding. This can connect them to help that may have broader eligibility criteria. It can take up to eight weeks to receive assistance if you qualify.
• Payment Extensions and Deferred Payment Plans: Reliant offers both payment extensions to give customers extra time to pay a bill and deferred payment plans to break up a large balance into more manageable installments. Customers can request these arrangements by calling 1-866-222-7100 or by applying online through their account portal.
• Beat the Heat Program: During the summer, Reliant often partners with cities like Houston, Dallas, and Corpus Christi to operate "Beat the Heat" centers, providing safe, air-conditioned spaces for the public. The program also sometimes distributes portable air conditioning units to eligible seniors and disabled individuals.

Entergy Texas

Entergy Texas focuses its charitable efforts on seniors and individuals with disabilities through its Power to Care program, alongside offering standard payment arrangements.

• The Power to Care Program: This program specifically provides emergency bill payment assistance to low-income customers who are 60 years of age or older or have disabilities. It is funded by donations from customers and employees, which are then matched by Entergy shareholders. The funds are distributed by local nonprofit partner agencies. To apply, customers must contact their local designated agency.
• Payment Extensions and Deferred Payment Arrangements: Entergy provides qualifying customers who are experiencing financial hardship with the option of a payment extension for a few extra days to pay or a deferred payment arrangement that can spread an unpaid balance over up to four months. The easiest way for Entergy customers to request these options is through their myEntergy online account or the Entergy mobile app.

Local Assistance: In-Depth Guides for Major Texas Counties

While utility assistance programs like CEAP are available statewide, the application process is handled entirely at the local level. This means that the experience of applying for the exact same program can vary dramatically depending on where you live. A resident in one county might use a modern online portal, while a resident in another may need to navigate a paper-based, mail-in system with significant processing delays. Understanding the specific procedures in your county is essential for a successful application.

Harris County

In Harris County, one of the primary administrators of CEAP and other utility assistance funds is BakerRipley, a large community development nonprofit.

• How to Apply: BakerRipley primarily uses an online application portal. Applicants must register with a valid name, address, phone number, and email address to receive a link to the application. The link is only active for 24 hours, so you must be prepared to complete the application and upload all required documents in one session. For those who cannot apply online or have questions, the Utility Assistance Hotline is 713-590-2327.
• Required Documents: Applicants will need to upload digital copies (PDF or JPEG, under 4 MB per file) of proof of identity and citizenship for all household members, proof of income for the last 30 days for all adults, and a copy of their current electric and gas bills.
• Processing Time: Be prepared for a potentially long wait. The review process for applications can take up to eight weeks. You can check your application status through the online portal using your application number.

Dallas County

Utility assistance in Dallas County is administered by Dallas County Health and Human Services (DCHHS). The process here is more traditional and subject to significant delays.

• How to Apply: DCHHS uses a paper-based, mail-in application system. The department mails out applications, or residents can call 214-819-1848 to inquire about the program. Completed applications and all supporting documents must be mailed to the DCHHS office.
• Required Documents: The application packet requires extensive documentation, including: completed application forms, a consumption release form, copies of birth certificates or passports for all household members, social security cards for all members, a driver's license or picture ID for all adults, copies of electric and gas bills (front and back), any disconnect notices, and proof of all household income from the last 30 days.
• Processing Time: Due to high demand, DCHHS reports a significant delay in processing new applications, which can be as long as 10 to 12 weeks. It is crucial for applicants to submit a complete and accurate packet to avoid further delays.

Bexar County

Residents of Bexar County can seek assistance through a dual system involving both the county and the City of San Antonio. The primary entities are the Bexar County Department of Community Resources and the City of San Antonio's Department of Human Services.

• How to Apply: The primary method of application is an online portal. However, due to extremely high volume, the online application portal may be closed for extended periods. When the portal is closed, the only other option is to call 210-335-3666 on a Monday morning to attempt to schedule one of a very limited number of in-person appointments. An email address is required to use the online application.
• Required Documents: Applicants need proof of U.S. citizenship (birth certificate, passport, etc.) and proof of identification for all household members. For children without a photo ID, two other forms of ID (like a vaccine record and a school record) may be accepted. Proof of income for the last 30 days and a current CPS Energy utility bill are also required.
• Additional Programs: CPS Energy customers may also be eligible for the Residential Energy Assistance Partnership (REAP), which provides up to $400 in assistance per year for eligible households. The application for REAP is handled through the same city and county offices.

Travis County

In Travis County, utility assistance is managed by Travis County Health & Human Services through its network of community centers.

• How to Apply: Travis County offers multiple ways to apply. The most efficient method is through their online Application Portal, which includes a pre-screening tool to help you determine your eligibility before you start. Applicants can also pick up a paper application in person at one of their six community centers or call a center to request that an application be mailed to them.
• Required Documents: You will need a valid government-issued photo ID, proof of residence in Travis County, current utility bill(s), and proof of all income for the last 30 days for everyone 18 and older in the household. For federally funded programs like CEAP, you will also need to provide proof of U.S. citizenship or legal immigration status for household members.
• Processing Time: Applications are placed on a waitlist and are processed in the order they are received. Once your application reaches the top of the list, a caseworker will be assigned to work with you to confirm eligibility and process the payment to your utility vendor. If you are currently disconnected, you should call a community center immediately after submitting your application for priority assistance.

Additional Support from Texas Charities and Non-Profits

Beyond government programs and direct utility provider assistance, a network of charitable and nonprofit organizations across Texas offers a vital safety net for families in crisis. These organizations often provide emergency financial aid with a degree of flexibility that larger programs cannot. However, all assistance from these groups is highly localized, meaning you must contact the office serving your specific community to understand their rules, funding availability, and application process.

The Salvation Army

The Salvation Army is a national organization with a presence in nearly every Texas community, offering a range of emergency assistance programs that can include help with utility bills. Their goal is to help families facing hardship stay in their homes by providing funds to prevent disconnection of essential services.

It is critical to understand that program specifics and eligibility can vary significantly from one location to another. For example, in the San Antonio area, The Salvation Army's financial assistance for utility bills is strictly limited to veterans only. This is not a statewide rule, but it highlights the importance of local verification.

To find help, you must use the location finder on The Salvation Army's national website. This tool will help you identify the service center nearest you. Call them directly to inquire about their current utility assistance programs and eligibility requirements.

Catholic Charities

Catholic Charities operates through a network of dioceses across Texas, with each regional office managing its own emergency aid programs. These programs are designed to provide immediate support to individuals and families in crisis, regardless of their faith, and can include financial assistance for rent and utilities.

Like The Salvation Army, the services and application processes are determined at the local level. For instance, Catholic Charities of Corpus Christi has a unique system where they accept the first ten callers seeking assistance each Monday morning starting at 7:30 a.m., and they require an extensive list of documents for qualification. Other offices, like those in Galveston-Houston or Fort Worth, will have their own distinct procedures.

The best course of action is to search for the Catholic Charities diocese that serves your county. Contact their emergency assistance department directly to learn about their specific programs.

Community Action Agencies

Community Action Agencies (CAAs) are the backbone of the utility assistance system in Texas. These local nonprofit and public organizations are the "subrecipients" tasked with administering federal and state funds from programs like CEAP, LIHEAP, and WAP. The agencies detailed in the county-specific guides—such as BakerRipley in Harris County and DCHHS in Dallas County—are examples of these entities.

If you live in a rural area or a county not covered in the detailed guides, your first step should be to identify your local CAA. These organizations are experts in navigating the assistance landscape and are the direct providers of the aid you are seeking. Beyond utility assistance, many CAAs offer a comprehensive suite of services aimed at promoting self-sufficiency, including Head Start, health services, housing assistance, and job training programs.

You can find a directory of Texas CAAs on the website for the Texas Association of Community Action Agencies (TACAA). Alternatively, you can use the TDHCA's "Help for Texans" search tool.

Frequently Asked Questions